Friday, September 25, 2009

Historical Events on 26 Sep

Historical Events on 26 Sep

1212 - Golden Bull of Sicily certified hereditary royal title in Bohemia for Přemyslid dynasty.
1580 - Sir Francis Drake circumnavigates the globe.
1687 - The Parthenon in Athens is partially destroyed after an explosion caused by the bombing from Venetian forces led by Morosini who were besieging the Ottoman Turks stationed in Athens.
1687 - The city council of Amsterdam votes to support William of Orange's invasion of England, which became the Glorious Revolution.
1777 - British troops occupy Philadelphia, Pennsylvania during the American Revolution.
1783 - Fayette County, Pennsylvania created
1789 - Thomas Jefferson is appointed the first United States Secretary of State, John Jay is appointed the first Chief Justice of the United States, Samuel Osgood is appointed the first United States Postmaster General, and Edmund Randolph is appointed the first
1792 - Marc-David Lasource begins accusing Maximilien Robespierre of wanting a dictatorship for France.
1810 - A new Act of Succession is adopted by the Riksdag of the Estates and Jean Baptiste Bernadotte becomes heir to the Swedish throne.
1872 - The first Shriners Temple (called Mecca) was established in New York City.
1907 - New Zealand and Newfoundland each become dominions within the British Empire.
1908 - Ed Reulbach became the first and only pitcher to throw two shutouts in one day against the Brooklyn Dodgers.
1914 - The US Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is established by the Federal Trade Commission Act.
1918 - World War I: Battle of Meuse.
1934 - Steamship RMS Queen Mary is launched.
1937 - Street and Smith Publications launches a half-hour radio program featuring the announcer for its "Detective Stories" radio show, The Shadow, with Orson Welles in the title role.
1944 - World War II: On the central front of the Gothic Line Brazilian troops controlled the Serchio valley region after ten days of fighting.
1944 - World War II: Operation Market Garden fails.
1950 - United Nations troops recapture Seoul from the North Koreans.
1950 - Indonesia admitted to the United Nations.
1954 - Japanese rail ferry Toya Maru sinks during a typhoon in the Tsugaru Strait, Japan killing 1,172.
1960 - Fidel Castro announces Cuba's support for the U.S.S.R.
1960 - In Chicago, the first televised debate takes place between presidential candidates Richard M. Nixon and John F. Kennedy.
1962 - Yemen Arab Republic is proclaimed.
1970 - The Laguna Fire starts in San Diego County, California, burning 175,425 acres (710 km²).
1973 - Concorde makes its first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic in record-breaking time.
1981 - Baseball: Nolan Ryan sets a Major League record by throwing his fifth no-hitter.
1983 - Soviet military officer Stanislav Petrov averts a worldwide nuclear war.
1983 - Australia II, the first non-American winner, wins the Americas Cup.
1984 - United Kingdom agrees to handover of Hong Kong
1997 - A Garuda Indonesia Airbus A-300 crashes near Medan, Indonesia, airport, killing 234.
1997 - An earthquake strikes the Italian regions of Umbria and the Marche, causing part of the Basilica of St. Francis at Assisi to collapse.
2000 - M/S Express Samina sinks off Paros in the Agean sea killing 80 passengers.
2000 - Anti-globalization protests in Prague (some 20,000 protesters) turned violent during the IMF and World Bank summits.
2002 - The overcrowded Senegalese ferry MV Joola capsizes off the coast of Gambia killing more than 1,000.
46 BC - Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to his mythical ancestor Venus Genetrix in accordance with a vow he made at the battle of Pharsalus.
715 - Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne.

Thursday, September 24, 2009

Historical Events on 25 Sep

Historical Events on 25 Sep

1066 - The Battle of Stamford Bridge marks the end of the Anglo-Saxon era.
1396 - Ottoman Emperor Bayezid I defeats a Christian army at the Battle of Nicopolis.
1513 - Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa reached what would be known as the Pacific Ocean.
1555 - The Peace of Augsburg is signed in Augsburg by Charles V and the princes of the Schmalkaldic League.
1690 - "Publick Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestick", the first newspaper to appear in the Americas, is published for the first and only time.
1789 - The U.S. Congress passes twelve amendments to the United States Constitution: the Congressional Apportionment Amendment, the Congressional Compensation Amendment, and the ten that are known as the Bill of Rights. Only the Bill of Rights were ratified at t
1804 - The Teton Sioux (a subdivision of the Lakota) demand one of the boats from the Lewis and Clark Expedition as a toll for moving further upriver.
1846 - U.S. forces led by Zachary Taylor captured the Mexican city of Monterrey.
1868 - The Imperial Russian steam frigate Alexander Neuski shipwrecks off Jutland while carrying Grand Duke Alexei of Russia.
1906 - In the presence of the king and before a great crowd, Leonardo Torres Quevedo successfully demonstrates the invention of the Telekino in the port of Bilbao, guiding a boat from the shore, in what is considered the birth of the Remote control.
1911 - Ground is broken for Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts.
1912 - Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism is founded in New York, New York.
1915 - The Second Battle of Champagne begins.
1929 - Jimmy Doolittle performs the first blind flight from Mitchel Field proving that full Instrument Flying from take off to landing is possible.
1944 - Surviving elements of the British 1st Airborne Division withdraw from Arnhem in the Netherlands, thus ending Operation Market Garden.
1955 - The Royal Jordanian Air Force is founded.
1957 - Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, is integrated through the use of United States Army troops.
1959 - Solomon Bandaranaike, prime minister of Sri Lanka is mortally wounded by a Buddhist monk, Talduwe Somarama, and dies the next day.
1962 - The People's Democratic Republic of Algeria is formally proclaimed. Ferhat Abbas is elected President of the provisional government.
1970 - Cease-fire between Jordan and the fedayeen ends fighting triggered by four hijackings on September 6 and 9.
1972 - In the Norwegian EC referendum, 1972, the people of Norway reject membership.
1978 - PSA Flight 182, a Boeing 727-214, collides in mid-air with a Cessna 172 and crashes in San Diego, California, resulting in the deaths of 144 people.
1980 - The first congress of the Democratic Youth Organization of Afghanistan held in Kabul.
1981 - Sandra Day O'Connor was the 102nd Justice sworn in as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, the first woman to hold the office.
1983 - Maze Prison escape. 38 republican prisoners, armed with 6 handguns, hijacked a prison meals lorry and smashed their way out of HMP Maze. The largest prison escape since WWII and in British history.
1996 - The last of the Magdalen Asylums closes in Ireland.
1997 - Wing Commander Andy Green, OBE (RAF) establishes the world Land Speed Record at Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah in the ThrustSSC jet-powered car, and becomes the first man to break the speed of sound on land.
2002 - The Vitim event, a possible bolide impact in Siberia, Russia.
2003 - A magnitude-8.0 earthquake strikes just offshore of Hokkaidō, Japan.
2005 - E1 Train Disaster
303 - On a voyage preaching the gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France.

Wednesday, September 23, 2009

Historical Events on 24 Sep

Historical Events on 24 Sep

1180 - Manuel I Komnenos, last Emperor of the Komnenian restoration dies. The Byzantine Empire slips into terminal decline.
1664 - The Netherlands surrenders New Amsterdam to England.
1789 - The office of the Attorney General of the United States of America, and the United States Post Office Department are established.
1841 - The Sultan of Brunei cedes Sarawak to Britain.
1852 - The first airship is displayed.
1869 - "Black Friday": Gold prices plummet after Ulysses S. Grant orders the Treasury to sell large quantities of gold after Jay Gould and James Fisk plot to control the market.
1877 - Battle of Shiroyama, decisive victory of the Imperial Japanese Army over the Satsuma Rebellion
1890 - The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints officially renounces polygamy.
1903 - Edmund Barton steps down as Prime Minister of Australia and is succeeded by Alfred Deakin.
1906 - U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt proclaims Devils Tower the nation's first National Monument.
1935 - Earl Bascom and Weldon Bascom produce the first rodeo ever held outdoors under electric lights at Columbia, Mississippi
1946 - Cathay Pacific Airways is founded in Hong Kong
1947 - Majestic 12 is allegedly established by secret executive order of President Harry Truman
1948 - The Honda Motor Company is founded.
1950 - Forest fires black out the sun over portions of Canada and New England. A Blue moon (in the astronomical sense) is seen as far away as Europe.
1957 - Camp Nou, the largest stadium in Europe, is opened in Barcelona.
1957 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower sends 101st Airborne Division troops to Little Rock, Arkansas, to enforce desegregation.
1962 - United States court of appeals orders the University of Mississippi to admit James Meredith.
1973 - Guinea-Bissau declares its independence from Portugal.
1988 - Summer Olympics: Ben Johnson beats Carl Lewis and Linford Christie in the 100 metres sprint in a record time of 9.79 seconds. (Johnson would later be disqualified in a high profile case of doping.)
1990 - Periodic Great White Spot observed on Saturn
1994 - National League for Democracy is formed by Aung San Suu Kyi and various others to help fight against dictatorship in Myanmar.
1996 - U.S. President Bill Clinton signed the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty at the United Nations.
2005 - Hurricane Rita makes landfall in the United States, devastating Beaumont, Texas and portions of southwestern Louisiana.
2007 - Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad gives a controversial speech on the campus of Columbia University.
622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina.

Tuesday, September 22, 2009

Historical Events on 23 Sep

Historical Events on 23 Sep

1122 - Concordat of Worms.
1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Wars of the Roses, is fought at Blore Heath in Staffordshire.
1529 - The Siege of Vienna begins as Suleiman I begins his attack on the city.
1642 - First commencement exercises occur at Harvard College.
1779 - American Revolution; squadron commanded by John Paul Jones in USS Bonhomme Richard wins the Battle of Flamborough Head, off the coast of England, against two British warships.
1780 - American Revolution; British Major John André arrested as a spy by American soldiers exposing Benedict Arnold's treason.
1803 - Second Anglo-Maratha War: Battle of Assaye.
1806 - Lewis and Clark return to St. Louis, after exploring the Pacific Northwest of the United States.
1818 - Border demarcation markers for Moresnet formally installed.
1821 - Fall of Tripolitsa, Greece, massacre of 30.000 Turks.
1845 - The Knickerbockers Baseball Club, the first baseball team to play under the modern rules, is founded in New York.
1846 - Discovery of Neptune by French astronomer Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier and British astronomer John Couch Adams; verified by German astronomer Johann Gottfried Galle.
1848 - First commercial production of chewing gum by John Curtis on a stove at his home in Bangor, Maine in the United States and marketed as 'The State of Maine Pure Spruce Gum'.
1868 - Grito de Lares (Lares Revolt) occurs in Puerto Rico against Spanish rule.
1875 - William Bonney ("Billy the Kid") is arrested for the first time.
1884 - Herman Hollerith patents his mechanical tabulating machine.
1889 - Nintendo Koppai (Later Nintendo Company, Limited) founded by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce and market the playing card game Hanafuda.
1905 - Norway and Sweden sign the "Karlstad treaty", peacefully dissolving the Union between the two countries.
1912 - First Mack Sennett "Keystone Cops" comedy is released.
1922 - Gdynia Seaport Construction Act passed by the Polish parliament.
1932 - The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd is renamed the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
1941 - The first gas murder experiments are conducted at Auschwitz.
1942 - First day of the September Matanikau action on Guadalcanal as United States Marine Corps forces attack Imperial Japanese Army units along the Matanikau River.
1952 - Richard Nixon makes his "Checkers speech".
1962 - Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York City opens with the first building completed, Philharmonic Hall (now Avery Fisher Hall) home of the New York Philharmonic. ABC broadcasts in color for the first time, airing the initial episode of "The Je
1969 - The Chicago Eight trial opens in Chicago.
1972 - Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos announces over television and radio the implementation of martial law and signs General Order No. 1 which orders the arrest of opposition leaders, media censorship, banning travel to other countries except for diploma
1973 - Juan Perón returns to power in Argentina.
1983 - Saint Kitts and Nevis joins the United Nations.
1983 - Gerrie Coetzee of South Africa becomes the first African boxing world heavyweight champion.
1988 - José Canseco of the Oakland Athletics becomes the first member of the 40-40 club.
1999 - NASA announces that it has lost contact with the Mars Climate Orbiter.
1999 - Qantas Flight 1 overruns the runway in Bangkok during a storm. While some passengers only received minor injuries, it is still the worst crash in Qantas's history to date.
2002 - The first public version of the web browser Mozilla Firefox ("Phoenix 0.1") is released.
2004 - At least 1,070 in Haiti reported killed by floods due to Hurricane Jeanne
2005 - FBI killing of Filiberto Ojeda on Plan Bonito Hormigueros, Puerto Rico.

Monday, September 21, 2009

Historical Events on 22 Sep

Historical Events on 22 Sep

1236 - The Lithuanians and Semigallians defeat the Livonian Brothers of the Sword in Battle of Å iauliai.
1499 - Switzerland became an independent state.
1586 - The battle of Zutphen occurs.
1598 - Ben Jonson is indicted for manslaughter.
1692 - Last people hanged for witchcraft in the United States.
1761 - Coronation of George III of the United Kingdom and Queen Charlotte.
1776 - Nathan Hale is hanged for spying during American Revolution.
1784 - Russia establishes a colony at Kodiak, Alaska.
1789 - The position of United States Postmaster General established.
1792 - primidi Vendémiaire of year 1 of the French Republican Calendar
1823 - Joseph Smith, Jr. stated that he was directed by God through the Angel Moroni to the place where the Golden plates were stored.
1851 - The city of Des Moines, Iowa was incorporated as Fort Des Moines.
1862 - Slavery in the United States: A preliminary version of the Emancipation Proclamation is released.
1866 - Decisive battle of Curupaity in the War of the Triple Alliance.
1869 - Richard Wagner's opera Das Rheingold premieres in Munich.
1885 - Lord Randolph Churchill makes a speech in Ulster in opposition to Home Rule e.g. "Ulster will fight and Ulster will be right".
1888 - The first issue of National Geographic Magazine is published
1893 - The first American-built automobile, built by the Duryea Brothers, is displayed.
1896 - Queen Victoria surpasses her grandfather King George III as the longest reigning monarch in British history.
1908 - The independence of Bulgaria is recognised.
1910 - The Duke of York's Cinema opened in Brighton. It is still operating today, making it the oldest continually operating cinema in Britain.
1919 - The steel strike of 1919, led by the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers, begins in Pennsylvania before spreading across the United States.
1927 - Jack Dempsey loses the Long Count boxing match to Gene Tunney.
1934 - An explosion takes place at Gresford Colliery in Wales, leading to the deaths of 266 miners and rescuers.
1937 - Spanish Civil War: Peña Blanca is taken; the end of the Battle of El Mazuco.
1941 - On Jewish New Year Day, German SS murder 6,000 Jews in Vinnytsya, Ukraine. Those were the survivors of the previous killings that took place a few days earlier in which about 24,000 Jews were executed.
1944 - World War II, Red Army enters Tallinn.
1951 - The first live sporting event seen coast-to-coast in the United States, a college football game between Duke and the University of Pittsburgh, is televised on NBC.
1955 - In Britain, the television channel ITV goes live for the first time.
1960 - The Sudanese Republic is renamed Mali after the withdrawal of Senegal from the Mali Federation.
1965 - The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965/Second Kashmir War between India and Pakistan over Kashmir ends after the UN calls for a cease-fire.
1970 - Tunku Abdul Rahman resigns as Prime Minister of Malaysia.
1975 - Sara Jane Moore tries to assassinate U.S. President Gerald Ford, but is foiled by Oliver Sipple.
1979 - The South Atlantic Flash or Vela Incident is observed near Bouvet Island, thought to be a nuclear weapons test.
1980 - Iraq invades Iran.
1985 - The Plaza Accord was signed in New York City.
1991 - The Dead Sea Scrolls are made available to the public for the first time, by the Huntington Library.
1993 - A Transair Georgian Airlines Tu-154 is shot down by a missile in Sukhumi, Georgia.
1995 - E-3B AWACS crashed outside of Elmendorf AFB, Alaska after multiple bird strikes to two of the four engines soon after takeoff; all 24 on board killed
1997 - Bentalha massacre in Algeria; over 200 villagers killed.
2003 - David Hempleman-Adams becomes the first person to cross the Atlantic Ocean in an open-air, wicker-basket hot air balloon.
2006 - A German maglev train crashes, killing 23.
2006 - The F-14 Tomcat retires from the United States Navy.
2006 - Hezbollah claims "Divine Victory" over Israel in a massive demonstration in Beirut.
66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica.

Sunday, September 20, 2009

Historical Events on 21 Sep

Historical Events on 21 Sep

1217 - The Estonian tribal leader Lembitu of Lehola was killed in a battle against Teutonic Knights.
1745 - Battle of Prestonpans: A Hanoverian army under the command of Sir John Cope is defeated, in ten minutes, by the Jacobite forces of Prince Charles Edward Stuart
1765 - Antoine de Beauterne announces he had killed the Beast of Gévaudan, but was later proved wrong by more attacks.
1780 - American Revolutionary War: Benedict Arnold gives the British the plans to West Point.
1792 - The French National Convention votes to abolish the monarchy.
1827 - According to Joseph Smith, Jr., the angel Moroni gave him a record of gold plates, one-third of which Joseph translated into The Book of Mormon.
1860 - In the Second Opium War, an Anglo-French force defeats Chinese troops at the Battle of Baliqiao.
1896 - British force under Horatio Kitchener takes Dongola in the Sudan.
1897 - The "Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus" letter is published in the New York Sun.
1898 - Empress Dowager Cixi seizes power and ends the Hundred Days' Reform in China.
1921 - Oppau explosion, a storage silo at a fertilizer producing plant exploded in Oppau, Germany, 500â€"600 killed.
1934 - Superpower Muroto Typhoon hit in western Honshū, Japan, Japanese government confirmed 3,036 killed. Mainly destroy temple, schools, and other buildings at Osaka.
1937 - J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit is published.
1938 - The Great Hurricane of 1938 makes landfall on Long Island in New York. The death toll is estimated at 500-700 people.
1939 - Romanian Prime Minister Armand Calinescu is assassinated by ultranationalist members of the Iron Guard.
1942 - The B-29 Superfortress makes its maiden flight.
1942 - On Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur, Nazis sent over 1.000 Jews of Pidhaytsi (west Ukraine) to Belzec extermination camp.
1942 - On the end of Yom Kippur, the Germans ordered Konstantynów Jews (Poland) to permanently evacuate Konstantynów and move to the Ghetto - established in Biała Podlaska, meant to assemble Jews from nearby 7 towns among them: Konstantynów, Janów Podlaski,
1942 - In Dunaivtsi, Ukraine, Nazis murder 2588 Jews.
1950 - George Marshall sworn in as the 3rd Secretary of Defense of United States.
1961 - Maiden flight of the CH-47 Chinook transportation helicopter.
1964 - Malta becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
1964 - The North American XB-70 Valkyrie, the world's first Mach 3 bomber, made its maiden flight from Palmdale, California.
1965 - Singapore admitted as a part of the United Nations.
1970 - New York Times starts first modern op-ed page.
1970 - The Cleveland Browns beat the New York Jets at Cleveland Municipal Stadium 31-20 on the first edition of Monday Night Football.
1972 - Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos signs Proclamation No. 1081 placing the entire country under martial law.
1976 - Orlando Letelier is assassinated in Washington, D.C. He was a member of the Chilean socialist government of Salvador Allende, overthrown in 1973 by Augusto Pinochet.
1979 - Two RAF Hawker Siddeley Harrier jump-jets from RAF Wittering collide over the UK. Both pilots ejected safely. One of the jets broke up in midair and fell harmlessly into a field but the other dropped onto the centre of Wisbech in Cambridgeshire, destroyin
1981 - Sandra Day O'Connor is unanimously approved by the U.S. Senate as the first female supreme court justice.
1981 - Belize is granted full independence from the United Kingdom.
1989 - Hurricane Hugo makes landfall in the U.S. state of South Carolina.
1991 - Armenia is granted independence from Soviet Union.
1993 - Russian President Boris Yeltsin suspends parliament and scraps the then-functioning constitution, thus triggering the Russian constitutional crisis of 1993.
1995 - The Hindu milk miracle occurs, in which statues of the Hindu God Ganesh began drinking milk when spoonfuls were placed near their mouths.
1999 - Chi-Chi earthquake occurs in central Taiwan, leaving about 2,400 people dead.
2001 - Deep Space 1 flies within 2,200 km of Comet Borrelly.
2001 - AZF chemical plant explodes in Toulouse, France, killing 29 people
2001 - University of Roorkee, becomes India's 7th Indian Institute of Technology, rechristened as IIT Roorkee
2003 - Galileo mission terminated by sending the probe into Jupiter's atmosphere, where it is crushed by the pressure at the lower altitudes.
2004 - The Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) People's War and the Maoist Communist Centre of India merge to form the Communist Party of India (Maoist).
2004 - Construction of the Burj Dubai starts.
454 - Roman Emperor Valentinian III assassinates Aëtius in his own throne room.

Saturday, September 19, 2009

Historical Events on 20 Sep

Historical Events on 20 Sep

1187 - Saladin begins the Siege of Jerusalem.
1378 - Cardinal Robert of Geneva, called by some the Butcher of Cesena, is elected as Avignon Pope Clement VII, beginning the Papal schism.
1519 - Ferdinand Magellan - set sail from Sanlúcar de Barrameda with about 270 men on his expedition to circumnavigate the globe.
1596 - Diego de Montemayor founded the city of Monterrey in New Spain.
1633 - Galileo Galilei is tried before the Inquisition for teaching that the Earth orbits the Sun.
1697 - The Treaty of Rijswijk was signed by France, England, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire and the Dutch Republic ending the Nine Years' War (1688-97).
1737 - Runner Edward Marshall completes his journey in the Walking Purchase forcing the cession of 1.2 million acres (4,860 km²) of Lenape-Delaware tribal land to the Pennsylvania Colony.
1792 - French troops stop allied invasion of France, during the War of the First Coalition at Valmy.
1835 - Farroupilha's Revolution begins in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
1848 - The American Association for the Advancement of Science was created.
1854 - Battle of Alma: British and French troops defeat Russians in the Crimea.
1857 - The Indian Mutiny ends with the recapture of Delhi by troops loyal to the East India Company.
1860 - The Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII of the United Kingdom) visits the United States.
1863 - American Civil War: The Battle of Chickamauga ends.
1870 - Bersaglieri corps enters Rome through Porta Pia and completes the unification of Italy; see capture of Rome.
1871 - Bishop John Coleridge Patteson martyred on the island of Nukapu a Polynesian outlier island now in the Temotu province of the Solomon Islands. He was the first bishop of Melanesia.
1879 - Cliftonville Football Club, the oldest club in Ireland, is founded.
1881 - Chester A. Arthur is inaugurated as the 21st President of the United States following the assassination of James Garfield.
1891 - The first gasoline-powered car debuts in Springfield, Massachusetts, United States.
1906 - Cunard Line's RMS Mauretania is launched at the Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson shipyard in Newcastle, England.
1917 - Paraguay becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
1920 - Foundation of the Spanish Legion.
1930 - Syro-Malankara Catholic Church was formed by Archbishop Mar Ivanios
1939 - A German Messerschmitt Bf 109 is shot down by Fairey Battle gunner Sgt. F. Letchard during a patrol near Aachen. This is the RAF's first aerial victory of the Second World War.
1942 - Holocaust in Letychiv, Ukraine. In the course of two days German SS murders at least 3,000 Jews
1946 - The first Cannes Film Festival is held.
1954 - New Zealand's Special Committee on Moral Delinquency in Children and Adolescents reports just ten days after concluding hearings.
1962 - James Meredith, an African-American, is barred from entering the University of Mississippi.
1967 - The RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 is launched at John Brown & Company, Clydebank, Scotland. It is operated by the Cunard Line.
1970 - Syrian tanks roll into Jordan in response to continued fighting between Jordan and the fedayeen. The Jordanians knock out 30 of the Syrian tanks.
1973 - Billie Jean King beats Bobby Riggs in battle-of-sexes tennis match at the Houston Astrodome in Houston, Texas.
1976 - Turkish Airlines Boeing 727 hit Taurus Mountains, outskirt of Karatepe, Osmaniye, Turkey, killing all 155 passengers and crew.
1977 - The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is admitted to the United Nations
1979 - The Punjab wing of the Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist-Leninist) formally splits and constitutes a parallel UCCRI(ML).
1979 - Assassination of French left-wing militant Pierre Goldman.
1979 - A coup d'état in the Central African Empire overthrows Emperor Bokasa I.
1979 - Lee Iacocca is elected president of the Chrysler Corporation.
1982 - National Football League players begin a 57-day strike.
1984 - A suicide bomber in a car attacks the U.S. embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, killing twenty-two people.
1988 - Boston Red Sox third baseman Wade Boggs becomes the first player to get 200 hits in six consecutive seasons.
1990 - South Ossetia declares its independence from Georgia.
1998 - Baltimore Orioles third baseman Cal Ripken, Jr. chooses to sit out the Orioles' game against the New York Yankees, ending his record streak for consecutive Major League Baseball games played at 2,632.
1999 - The hit series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit airs.
2000 - The British MI6 Secret Intelligence Service building was attacked by a Russian-built Mark 22 anti-tank missile
2001 - In an address to a joint session of Congress and the American People president George W. Bush declares "war on terror".
2002 - Kolka-Karmadon rock/ice slide started.
2003 - A referendum is held in Latvia to decide the country's accession to the European Union.
2003 - Maldives civil unrest: the death of prisoner Hassan Evan Naseem sparks a day of rioting in Malé.
451 - The Battle of Chalons, in North Eastern France. Flavius Aetius' victory over Attila the Hun in a day of combat, considered to be the largest battle in the ancient world.

Friday, September 18, 2009

Historical Events on 19 Sep

Historical Events on 19 Sep

1356 - In the Battle of Poitiers, the English defeat the French.
1692 - Giles Corey is pressed to death after refusing to plead in the Salem witch trials.
1777 - First Battle of Saratoga/Battle of Freeman's Farm/Battle of Bemis Heights.
1778 - The Continental Congress passes the first budget of the United States.
1796 - George Washington's farewell address is printed across America as an open letter to the public.
1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Iuka - Union troops under General William Rosecrans defeat a Confederate force commanded by General Sterling Price.
1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Chickamauga.
1870 - Franco-Prussian War: the Siege of Paris begins, which will result on 28 January 1871 in the surrender of Paris and a decisive Prussian victory.
1893 - Women's suffrage: In New Zealand, the Electoral Act of 1893 is consented to by the governor giving all women in New Zealand the right to vote.
1900 - Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid commit their first robbery together.
1926 - The San Siro is inaugurated with a match between AC Milan and Inter.
1934 - Bruno Hauptmann is arrested for the kidnap and murder of Charles Lindbergh III.
1940 - Witold Pilecki is voluntarily captured and sent to Auschwitz in order to smuggle out information and start a resistance
1942 - Holocaust in Brody, western Ukraine: About 2,500 Brody Jews are deported by German Gestapo to the extermination camp in Belzec.
1944 - Armistice between Finland and Soviet Union signed. (End of the Continuation War).
1945 - Lord Haw Haw (William Joyce) sentenced to death in London.
1946 - The Council of Europe is founded following a speech given by Winston Churchill at the University of Zurich.
1952 - The U.S. bars Charlie Chaplin from reentering the country after a trip to England.
1957 - First U.S. underground nuclear bomb test.
1957 - Dalida is the first artist to be awarded a gold record in France for 300 000 sales of "Bambino".
1959 - Nikita Khrushchev is barred from visiting Disneyland.
1961 - Betty and Barney Hill claim to have seen a mysterious craft in the sky that tried to abduct them. This continued into the 20th of September.
1970 - The first Glastonbury Festival is held at Michael Eavis's farm in Glastonbury, UK.
1972 - A parcel bomb sent to Israeli Embassy in London kills one diplomat.
1973 - King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden has his investiture.
1976 - A Turkish Boeing 727 hits a mountain in southern Turkey killing 155.
1983 - Saint Kitts and Nevis gains its independence.
1983 - The current syndicated version of the Wheel of Fortune game show airs for the first time.
1985 - A strong earthquake kills thousands and destroys about 400 buildings in Mexico City.
1985 - Tipper Gore and other political wives form the Parents Music Resource Center as Frank Zappa and other musicians testify at U.S. Congressional hearings on obscenity in rock music.
1988 - Greg Louganis suffers a head injury while qualifying for the Seoul Olympics; goes on to win two Gold medals.
1989 - A terrorist bomb explodes UTA Flight 772 in mid-air above the Tùnùrù Desert, Niger, killing 171.
1991 - Ötzi the Iceman is discovered by a couple of German tourists.
1995 - The Washington Post and The New York Times publish the Unabomber's manifesto.
1997 - Guelb El-Kebir massacre in Algeria; 53 killed.
2006 - The Thai military stages a coup in Bangkok. Constitution revoked; martial law declared.
335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I.

Thursday, September 17, 2009

Historical Events on 18 Sep

Historical Events on 18 Sep

1180 - Philip Augustus becomes king of France.
1454 - In the Battle of Chojnice, the Polish army is defeated by Teutonic army during the Thirteen Years' War.
1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Costa Rica on his fourth, and final, voyage.
1544 - Charles V of Germany and Francis I of France sign peace treaty (Truce of Crepy-en-Laonnois)
1573 - Spanish attack on Alkmaar.
1635 - Emperor Ferdinand II declares war on France.
1679 - New Hampshire becomes a county of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
1739 - The Treaty of Belgrade is signed, ceding Belgrade to the Ottoman Empire.
1759 - The British capture Quebec City.
1793 - The first cornerstone of the Capitol building is laid by George Washington.
1809 - Royal Opera House in London opens.
1810 - First Government Junta in Chile. Though supposed to rule only in the absence of the king, it was in fact the first step towards independence from Spain, and it is commemorated as such.
1812 - Fire of Moscow (1812) fades down after destroying more than three quarters of the city. Napoleon returns from Petrovsky Palace to Moscow Kremlin, spared from the fire.
1837 - Tiffany and Co. (first named Tiffany & Young) is founded by Charles Lewis Tiffany and John B. Young in New York City, New York. The store was called a "stationery and fancy goods emporium".
1838 - Anti-Corn Law League established by Richard Cobden.
1850 - The U.S. Congress passes the Fugitive Slave Act.
1851 - The New-York Daily Times, which will become The New York Times, begins publishing.
1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Chickamauga.
1872 - King Oscar II accedes to the throne of Sweden-Norway.
1873 - The Panic of 1873 begins.
1879 - Blackpool Illuminations were switched on for the first time.
1882 - Pacific Stock Exchange opens.
1885 - Riots break out in Montreal to protest compulsory smallpox vaccination.
1895 - Daniel David Palmer gives the first chiropractic adjustment.
1895 - Booker T Washington delivers "Atlanta Compromise" address.
1898 - Fashoda Incident - Lord Kitchener's ships reach Fashoda, Sudan.
1906 - A typhoon with tsunami kills an estimated 10,000 people in Hong Kong.
1910 - In Amsterdam, 25,000 demonstrate for general suffrage.
1911 - Russian Premier Peter Stolypin shot at the Kiev Opera House
1914 - World War I: South African troops land in German South West Africa.
1914 - The Irish Home Rule Act becomes law, but is delayed until after World War I.
1919 - The Netherlands gives women the right to vote.
1919 - Fritz Pollard becomes the first African-American to play professional football for a major team, the Akron Pros.
1922 - Hungary admitted to League of Nations.
1927 - Columbia Broadcasting System goes on the air.
1928 - Juan de la Cierva makes first autogyro crossing of the English Channel.
1931 - The Mukden Incident gives Japan the pretext to invade and occupy Manchuria.
1932 - Actress Peg Entwistle commits suicide by jumping from the letter "H" in the Hollywood sign.
1934 - USSR admitted to League of Nations.
1939 - World War II: Polish government of Ignacy Mościcki flees to Romania.
1939 - William Joyce's first Nazi propaganda broadcast.
1940 - World War II: Italian troops conquer Sidi Barrani.
1942 - Canadian Broadcasting Corporation authorized.
1943 - World War II: Hitler orders deportation of Danish Jews.
1943 - World War II: The Jews of Minsk are massacred at Sobibór.
1944 - World War II: British submarine HMS Tradewind torpedoes Junyō Maru, 5,600 killed.
1945 - Gen. Douglas MacArthur moves his command headquarters to Tokyo.
1947 - The United States Air Force becomes an independent service.
1948 - Margaret Chase Smith becomes the first woman elected to the US Senate without completing another senator's term when she defeats Democratic opponent Adrian Scolten.
1948 - Communist Madiun uprising in Dutch Indies.
1948 - Ralph Bunche confirmed as acting UN mediator for Palestine and Israel.
1959 - Vanguard 3 launched into Earth orbit.
1960 - Fidel Castro arrives in New York City as the head of the Cuban delegation to the United Nations.
1961 - U.N. Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld dies in a plane crash while attempting to negotiate peace in the war-torn Katanga region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
1962 - Rwanda, Burundi and Jamaica admitted to the United Nations.
1964 - North Vietnamese Army begins infiltration of South Vietnam.
1964 - Constantine II of Greece marries Danish princess Anne-Marie.
1967 - Esporte Clube Santo André, of Brazil, is founded.
1970 - Jimi Hendrix dies after choking on his own vomit.
1972 - First Ugandans expelled by Idi Amin arrive in the UK.
1973 - East and West Germany are admitted to the United Nations.
1974 - Hurricane Fifi strikes Honduras with 110 mph winds, killing 5,000 people.
1975 - Patty Hearst is arrested after a year on the FBI Most Wanted List.
1976 - Mao Zedong's funeral takes place in Beijing.
1977 - Voyager I takes 1st space photograph of Earth & Moon together.
1978 - Leaders of Israel and Egypt reach a settlement for the Middle East at Camp David.
1980 - Soyuz 38 carries 2 cosmonauts (1 Cuban) to Salyut 6 space station.
1981 - Assemblée Nationale votes to abolish capital punishment in France
1982 - Christian militia begin massacre of 600 Palestinians in Lebanon.
1984 - Joe Kittinger completes first solo balloon crossing of the Atlantic.
1988 - End of pro-democracy uprisings in Myanmar after a bloody military coup by the State Law and Order Restoration Council. Thousands, mostly monks and civilians (primarily students) were killed by the Tatmadaw.
1990 - Liechtenstein becomes a member of the United Nations.
1991 - Yugoslavia began a naval blockade of 7 Adriatic port cities.
1992 - An explosion rocks Giant Mine at the height of a labour dispute, killing 9 replacement workers.
1997 - U.S. media magnate Ted Turner donates USD $1 billion to the United Nations.
1997 - Voters in Wales vote yes (50.3%) on a referendum on Welsh autonomy.
1998 - ICANN is formed.
2001 - First mailing of anthrax letters from Trenton, New Jersey in the 2001 anthrax attacks.
2003 - The UK's Local Government Act 2003, repealing Section 28, receives Royal Assent.
2006 - Right wing protesters riot the building of the Hungarian Television in Budapest, Hungary, one day after an audio tape was made public, on which Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány admitted he and his party lied during the 2006 general elections.
2007 - President General Pervez Musharraf announces that he will step down as army chief and restore civilian rule to Pakistan, but only after he is re-elected president
2007 - Buddhist monks join anti-government protesters in Myanmar, starting what some call the Saffron Revolution
324 - Constantine the Great decisively defeats Licinius in the Battle of Chrysopolis, establishing Constantine's sole control over the Roman Empire.
96 - Nerva is proclaimed Roman Emperor after Domitian is assassinated.

Wednesday, September 16, 2009

Historical Events on 17 Sep

Historical Events on 17 Sep

1176 - The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought.
1462 - The Battle of Świecino (or Battle of Żarnowiec) is fought during Thirteen Years' War.
1577 - Peace of Bergerac signed between Henry III of France and the Huguenots.
1630 - The city of Boston, Massachusetts, is founded.
1631 - Sweden wins a major victory at the Battle of Breitenfeld against the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years War.
1776 - The Presidio of San Francisco is founded in New Spain.
1778 - Treaty of Fort Pitt signed, the first formal treaty between the United States and a Native American tribe (the Lenape or Delaware).
1787 - The United States Constitution is signed in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1809 - Peace between Sweden and Russia in the Finnish War. The territory to become Finland is ceded to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn.
1814 - Francis Scott Key finishes his The Star-Spangled Banner poem.
1859 - Joshua A. Norton declares himself Emperor Norton I of the United States.
1862 - American Civil War: George B. McClellan halts the northward drive of Robert E. Lee's Confederate army in the single-day Battle of Antietam, the bloodiest day in American history.
1862 - American Civil War: The Allegheny Arsenal explosion resulted in the single largest civilian disaster during the war
1894 - Battle of Yalu River, the largest naval engagement of the First Sino-Japanese War.
1900 - Philippine-American War: Filipinos under Juan Cailles defeat Americans under Colonel Benjamin F. Cheatham at Mabitac.
1908 - The Wright Flyer flown by Orville Wright, with Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge as passenger, crashes; killing Selfridge. He becomes the first airplane fatality.
1914 - Andrew Fisher becomes Prime Minister of Australia for the third time.
1916 - World War I: Manfred von Richthofen ("The Red Baron"), a flying ace of the German Luftstreitkräfte, won his first aerial combat near Cambrai, France.
1920 - National Football League is organized in Canton, Ohio, United States.
1924 - The Border Defence Corps was established in the Second Polish Republic for the defence of the eastern border against armed Soviet raids and local bandits.
1928 - The Okeechobee Hurricane strikes southeastern Florida, killing upwards of 2,500 people. It is the third deadliest natural disaster in US history, behind the Galveston Hurricane of 1900 and the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.

Tuesday, September 15, 2009

Historical Events on 16 Sep

Historical Events on 16 Sep

1400 - Owain Glyndŵr declared Prince of Wales by his followers.
1701 - James Francis Edward Stuart,sometimes called the "Old Pretender", becomes the Jacobite claimant to the thrones of England and Scotland.
1776 - American Revolutionary War: the Battle of Harlem Heights is fought.
1795 - United Kingdom conquers Cape Town, South Africa.
1810 - With the Grito de Dolores, Father Miguel Hidalgo begins Mexico's fight for independence from Spain
1812 - Russians set fire to Moscow shortly after midnight - the city is burned completely down days later.
1863 - Robert College of Istanbul-Turkey, the first American educational institution outside the United States is founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist.
1887 - The first game of softball was played in Chicago, Illinois
1893 - Settlers race in Oklahoma for prime land in the Cherokee Strip.
1901 - Alturas, California, incorporated as the only city in Modoc County.
1908 - General Motors is founded.
1919 - The American Legion is incorporated.
1920 - The Wall Street bombing: a bomb in a horse wagon explodes in front of the J.P.Morgan building in New York City - 38 are killed with 400 injured.
1940 - Sam Rayburn elected Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, widely regarded as the most effective Speaker of the House in American history.
1941 - Concerned that Reza Pahlavi the Shah of Persia was about to align his petroleum-rich country with Germany during World War II, the United Kingdom and the USSR occupy Iran and forced him to resign in favor of his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
1955 - Juan Perón is deposed in Argentina.
1963 - Malaysia is formed from Malaya, Singapore, British North Borneo (Sabah) and Sarawak.
1966 - The Metropolitan Opera House opens at Lincoln Center in New York City to the world premiere of Samuel Barber's opera, Antony and Cleopatra.
1970 - King Hussein of Jordan declares military rule due to the hijacking of four civilian airliners by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). This results in the formation of the Black September Palestinian paramilitary unit.
1975 - Papua New Guinea gains its independence from Australia.
1975 - The first prototype of the MiG-31 interceptor makes its maiden flight.
1976 - Shavarsh Karapetyan saves 20 people from the trolleybus that had fallen into Erevan reservoir
1978 - An earthquake hits the city of Tabas, Iran measuring 7.5-7.9 on the Richter scale killing about 25,000 people.
1982 - Sabra and Shatila massacre in Lebanon.
1987 - The Montreal Protocol is signed to protect the ozone layer from depletion.
1991 - The trial of Panamanian "strongman" Manuel Noriega begins in the United States.
1992 - Black Wednesday: the Pound Sterling is forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism by currency speculators and is forced to devalue against the Deutschmark.
2004 - Hurricane Ivan touches land near Pensacola, Florida, becoming the third (now fourth) costliest hurricane to strike the United States.
2005 - Camorra boss Paolo Di Lauro is arrested in Naples.
2007 - One-Two-GO Airlines Flight 269 carrying 128 crew and passengers crashes in Thailand killing 89 people.

Monday, September 14, 2009

Historical Events on 15 Sep

Historical Events on 15 Sep

1556 - Vlissingen ex-emperor Charles V returns to Spain.
1584 - San Lorenzo del Escorial Palace in Madrid is finished.
1600 - Battle of Sekigahara
1616 - The first non-aristocratic, free public school in Europe is opened in Frascati, Italy.
1683 - Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is founded by 13 immigrant families.
1762 - Battle of Signal Hill
1776 - American Revolutionary War: British land at Kip's Bay during the New York Campaign.
1789 - The United States Department of State is established (formerly known as Department of Foreign Affairs).
1812 - The French army under Napoleon reaches the Kremlin in Moscow.
1820 - Constitutionalist revolution in Lisbon, Portugal; (see Portugal's crises of the Nineteenth Century.
1821 - Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica jointly declare independence from Spain.
1830 - The Liverpool to Manchester railway line opens (see also deaths, below).
1831 - The locomotive John Bull operates for the first time in New Jersey on the Camden and Amboy Railroad.
1835 - The HMS Beagle, with Charles Darwin aboard, reaches the Galápagos Islands.
1851 - Saint Joseph's University is founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1862 - American Civil War: Confederate forces capture Harpers Ferry, Virginia.
1873 - Franco-Prussian War: The last German troops leave France upon completion of payment of indemnity.
1883 - The Bombay Natural History Society is founded in Bombay (now Mumbai), India.
1894 - First Sino-Japanese War: Japan defeats China in the Battle of Pyongyang.
1914 - World War I: The Battle of Aisne begins between Germany and France.
1916 - World War I: Tanks are used for the first time in battle, at the Battle of the Somme.
1928 - Sir Alexander Fleming notices a bacteria-killing mold growing in his laboratory, discovering what later became known as penicillin.
1928 - Tich Freeman becomes the only bowler to take 300 wickets in an English cricket season.
1931 - In Scotland, the two-day Invergordon Mutiny against Royal Navy pay cuts begins.
1935 - Nuremberg Laws deprive German Jews of citizenship.
1935 - Nazi Germany adopts a new national flag with the swastika.
1940 - World War II: The climax of the Battle of Britain, when the Royal Air Force shoot down large numbers of Luftwaffe.
1941 - The U.S. Attorney General rules that the Neutrality Act is not violated when U.S. ships carry war materiel to British territories, opening the door for the Lend-Lease Act.
1942 - World War II: The U.S. aircraft carrier USS Wasp is torpedoed at Guadalcanal.
1944 - Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill meet in Quebec as part of the Octagon Conference to discuss strategy.
1945 - A hurricane in southern Florida and the Bahamas destroys 366 planes and 25 blimps at NAS Richmond.
1947 - RCA releases the 12AX7 vacuum tube.
1947 - The U.S. Air Force is separated from the US Army to become a separate branch.
1948 - The F-86 Sabre sets the world aircraft speed record at 671 mph (1080 km/h).
1950 - Korean War: United States forces land at Incheon, Korea.
1952 - United Nations gives Eritrea to Ethiopia.
1957 - West Germany holds its third parliamentary election. Konrad Adenauer remains chancellor.
1958 - A Central Railroad of New Jersey commuter train runs through an open drawbridge at the Newark Bay, killing 58.
1959 - Nikita Khrushchev becomes the first Soviet leader to visit the United States.
1961 - Hurricane Carla strikes Texas with winds of 175 miles per hour.
1962 - The Soviet ship Poltava heads toward Cuba, one of the events that sets into motion the Cuban Missile Crisis.
1963 - The 16th Street Baptist Church bombing kills four children at an African-American church in Birmingham, Alabama, United States.
1966 - U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson, responding to a sniper attack at the University of Texas at Austin, writes a letter to the United States Congress urging the enactment of gun control legislation.
1968 - The Soviet Zond 5 spaceship is launched, becoming the first spacecraft to fly around the Moon and re-enter the Earth's atmosphere.
1972 - A magnitude 4.5 earthquake shakes Northern Illinois.
1972 - An SAS domestic flight from Gothenburg to Stockholm was hijacked and flown to Malmö-Bulltofta Airport.
1974 - Air Vietnam flight 727 is hijacked, then crashes while attempting to land with 75 on board.
1975 - The French department of Corse (the entire island of Corsica) is divided into two: Haute-Corse and Corse-du-Sud.
1981 - Vanuatu becomes a member of the United Nations.
1981 - The United States Senate Judiciary Committee unanimously approves Sandra Day O'Connor to become the first female justice on the United States Supreme Court.
1981 - The John Bull becomes the oldest operable steam locomotive in the world when the Smithsonian Institution operates it under its own power outside Washington, DC.
1983 - Israeli premier Menachem Begin resigns.
1987 - U.S. Secretary of State George Shultz and Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze sign a treaty to establish centers to reduce the risk of nuclear war.
1989 - The U.S. Congress recognizes Terry Anderson's continued captivity in Beirut.
1990 - France announces it will send 4,000 troops to the Persian Gulf
1993 - Liechtenstein Prince Hans-Adam II disbands parliament
1997 - Google was founded.
1998 - WorldCom and MCI Communications finish their landmark merger, forming MCI WorldCom which would later be renamed WorldCom and become the largest bankruptcy in United States history.
2004 - NHL commissioner Gary Bettman announced a lockout of the players union and cessation of operations by the NHL head office.
668 - Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse, Italy.
921 - Saint Ludmila is murdered at the command of her daughter-in-law at Tetin.

Sunday, September 13, 2009

Historical Events on 14 Sep

Historical Events on 14 Sep

1180 - Battle of Ishibashiyama in Japan.
1607 - Flight of the Earls from Lough Swilly, Donegal, Ireland.
1682 - Bishop Gore School, one of the oldest schools in Wales, founded.
1752 - The British Empire adopts the Gregorian calendar, skipping eleven days (the previous day was September 2).
1812 - French grenadiers enter Moscow. The Fire of Moscow begins as soon as Russian troops leave the city.
1814 - Francis Scott Key writes "The Star-Spangled Banner."
1829 - Ottoman Empire signs the Treaty of Adrianople with Russia, thus ending the Russo-Turkish War.
1847 - Mexican-American War: Winfield Scott captures Mexico City.
1862 - Civil War Maryland Campaign Battle of South Mountain is fought.
1886 - Typewriter ribbon patented.
1901 - President of the United States William McKinley dies after an assassination attempt on September 6, and is succeeded by Theodore Roosevelt.
1917 - Russia is officially proclaimed a republic.
1923 - Miguel Primo de Rivera becomes dictator of Spain.
1944 - Maastricht becomes the first Dutch city that is liberated by allied forces.
1944 - United States Marines land on the island of Peleliu.
1948 - Groundbreaking for the United Nations headquarters in New York City.
1958 - Two rockets designed by the German engineer Ernst Mohr, the first German post-war rockets, reach the upper atmosphere.
1959 - The Soviet probe Luna 2 crashes onto the Moon, becoming the first man-made object to reach it.
1960 - The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is founded.
1964 - The opening of the third period of the Second Vatican Council.
1965 - The opening of the fourth and final period of Second Vatican Council.
1975 - The first American saint, Elizabeth Ann Seton, is canonized by Pope Paul VI.
1982 - President-elect of Lebanon, Bachir Gemayel, is assassinated.
1984 - Joe Kittinger becomes the first person to fly a hot air balloon alone across the Atlantic Ocean.
1987 - The Toronto Blue Jays set a major league record for most home runs in a single game - 10 - versus the Baltimore Orioles at Exhibition Stadium, and the teams combined to tie the record for most homers by two teams - 11. The game also marked the end of Cal
1987 - ITV Schools was broadcast on Channel 4 for the very first time.
1990 - Ken Griffey and his son Ken Jr. become the first father-son duo to hit back-to-back home runs.
1994 - The Major League Baseball season is canceled because of a strike.
1995 - Body Worlds opens in Tokyo, Japan
1998 - Telecommunications companies MCI Communications and WorldCom complete their $37 billion merger to form MCI WorldCom.
1999 - Kiribati, Nauru and Tonga join the United Nations.
2001 - Historic National Prayer Service held at Washington National Cathedral for victims of the September 11 attacks. A similar service is held in Canada on Parliament Hill, the largest vigil ever held in the nation's capital.
2003 - Estonia approves joining the European Union in a referendum.
2003 - In a referendum Sweden rejects adopting the euro.
2007 - Restrictions on the traditional Latin Mass are officially removed in the Roman Catholic Church as Pope Benedict XVI's motu proprio Summorum Pontificum takes effect.
786 - Harun al-Rashid becomes the Abbasid caliph upon the death of his brother al-Hadi.

Saturday, September 12, 2009

Historical Events on 13 Sep

Historical Events on 13 Sep

122 - The building of Hadrian's Wall begins.
1224 - Francis of Assisi is afflicted with stigmata.
1440 - Gilles de Rais is finally taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by the Bishop of Nantes.
1503 - Michelangelo begins work on his statue of David.
1504 - Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand issue a Royal Warrant for the construction of a Royal Chapel (Capilla Real) to be built.
1609 - Henry Hudson reached the river that would later be named after him - the Hudson River.
1743 - Great Britain, Austria and Savoy-Sardinia sign the Treaty of Worms (1743).
1759 - Battle of the Plains of Abraham: British defeat French near Quebec City in the Seven Years' War, known in the United States as the French and Indian War.
1788 - The United States' Philadelphia Convention sets the date for the country's first presidential election, and New York City becomes the temporary capital of the U.S..
1791 - King Louis XVI of France accepts the new constitution.
1814 - The British fail to capture Baltimore, Maryland. Turning point in the War of 1812.
1814 - Francis Scott Key writes The Star-Spangled Banner
1847 - Mexican-American War: Six teenage military cadets known as Niños Héroes die defending Chapultepec Castle in the Battle of Chapultepec. American General Winfield Scott captures Mexico City in the Mexican-American War.
1862 - American Civil War: Union soldiers find a copy of Robert E. Lee's battle plans in a field outside Frederick, Maryland. It is the prelude to the Battle of Antietam.
1882 - The Battle of Tel el-Kebir is fought in the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War.
1898 - Hannibal Goodwin patents celluloid photographic film.
1899 - Henry Bliss is the first person in the United States to be killed in an automobile accident.
1899 - Mackinder, Ollier and Brocherel make the first ascent of Batian (5,199m - 17,058 ft), the highest peak of Mount Kenya.
1900 - Filipino resistance fighters defeat a small American column in the Battle of Pulang Lupa, during the Philippine-American War.
1906 - First fixed-wing aircraft flight in Europe.
1914 - During World War I, South African troops open hostilities in German south-west Africa (Namibia) with an assault on the Ramansdrift police station.
1922 - The temperature (in the shade) at Al 'Aziziyah, Libya reaches a world record 57.7°C (135.9°F).
1923 - Military coup in Spain - Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship.
1935 - Rockslide near Whirlpool Rapids Bridge ends the Great Gorge and International Railway.
1940 - World War II: German bombs damage Buckingham Palace.
1940 - World War II: Italy invades Egypt.
1942 - World War II: Second day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge in the Guadalcanal campaign. U.S. Marines successfully defeated attacks by the Imperial Japanese Army with heavy losses for the Japanese forces.
1943 - Chiang Kai-shek elected president of the Republic of China.
1943 - The Municipal Theatre of Corfu is destroyed during an aerial bombardment by Luftwaffe.
1948 - Margaret Chase Smith is elected senator, and becomes the first woman to serve in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the United States Senate.
1953 - Nikita Khrushchev appointed secretary-general of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
1956 - IBM introduces the first computer disk storage unit, the RAMAC 305.
1956 - The dike around the Dutch polder East Flevoland is closed.
1968 - Albania leaves the Warsaw Pact.
1971 - State police and National Guardsmen storm New York's Attica Prison to end a prison revolt. 42 people die in the assault.
1979 - South Africa grants independence to the "homeland" of Venda (not recognised outside South Africa).
1985 - Japan Super Mario Bros. released for the Nintendo Entertainment System.
1987 - Goiânia accident: A radioactive object is stolen from an abandoned hospital in Goiânia, Brazil, contaminating many people in the following weeks and leading some to die from radiation poisoning.
1988 - Hurricane Gilbert is the strongest recorded hurricane in the Western Hemisphere (based on barometric pressure).
1989 - Largest anti-Apartheid march in South Africa, led by Desmond Tutu.
1993 - Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin shakes hands with PLO chairman Yasser Arafat at the White House after signing an accord granting limited Palestinian autonomy.
1993 - Public unveiling of the Oslo Accords, an Israeli-Palestinian peace agreement initiated by Norway.
1994 - Ulysses probe passes the Sun's south pole.
1999 - Bomb explodes in Moscow, Russia. At least 119 people are killed.
2001 - Civilian aircraft traffic resumes in the U.S. after the September 11, 2001 attacks.
2006 - At Dawson College (Montreal), Kimveer Gill kills one student and wounds 19 others before committing suicide.
509 BC - The temple of Jupiter on Rome's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September.
533 - General Belisarius of the Byzantine Empire defeats Gelimer and the Vandals at the Battle of Ad Decimium, near Carthage, North Africa.

Friday, September 11, 2009

Historical Events on 12 Sep

Historical Events on 12 Sep

1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon, at the Battle of Muret.
1229 - The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island.
1609 - Henry Hudson discovers the Hudson River.
1683 - Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna - Several European armies join forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire.
1759 - British soldiers captures the town of Quebec.
1814 - Battle of North Point: An American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812.
1846 - Elizabeth Barrett elopes with Robert Browning.
1847 - Mexican-American War: The Battle of Chapultepec begins. U.S. Army deserters in the Saint Patrick's Battalion who fought alongside the Mexican army are hanged en masse for treason by the order of General Winfield Scott.
1848 - Switzerland became a Federal state.
1857 - The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship carried 13-15 tons of gold from the San Francisco Gold Rush.
1890 - Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded.
1897 - Battle of Saragarhi
1906 - Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar.
1910 - Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler's 8th symphony in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers, with an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter)
1930 - Wilfred Rhodes ends his 1110-game first-class career by taking 5 for 95 for H.D.G. Leveson Gower's XI against the Australians.
1933 - Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction.
1938 - Adolf Hitler demands autonomy for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
1940 - Cave paintings discovered in Lascaux, France.
1940 - The Hercules Powder Company in Kenvil, New Jersey explodes, killing 51 people and injuring over 200.
1942 - World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks.
1942 - World War II: First day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge during the Guadalcanal campaign. U.S. Marines protecting Henderson Field on Guadalcanal are attacked by Imperial Japanese Army forces.
1943 - World War II: Benito Mussolini, dictator of Italy, is rescued from house arrest on the Gran Sasso in Abruzzi, by German commando Otto Skorzeny.
1944 - World War II: The liberation of Serbia from Nazi Germany and the Chetniks continues. Bajina Bašta in western Serbia is among those liberated cities.
1947 - The U.S. Screen Actors Guild implements an anti-Communist loyalty oath.
1948 - Invasion of the State of Hyderabad by the Indian Army on the day after the Pakistani leader Jinnah's death to limit damage control.
1953 - Nikita Khrushchev is elected first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
1959 - Bonanza premiers. First regularly-scheduled TV program presented in color.
1959 - The Soviet Union launches a large rocket, Lunik II, at the moon.
1964 - Canyonlands National Park was designated as a National Park.
1966 - Gemini 11, the penultimate mission of NASA's Gemini program, and the current human altitude record holder (except for the Apollo lunar missions)
1970 - Palestinian terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in Jordan, continuing to hold the passengers hostage in various undisclosed locations in Amman.
1974 - Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, 'Messiah' of the Rastafari movement, is deposed following a military coup by the Derg.
1974 - Juventude Africana Amilcar Cabral is founded in Guinea-Bissau.
1977 - South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko is killed in police custody.
1979 - Indonesia is hit with an earthquake that measures 8.1 on the Richter scale.
1980 - Military coup in Turkey.
1983 - A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States, was robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros .
1990 - The two German states and the Four Powers sign the Treaty on the Final Settlement With Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German re-unification.
1992 - NASA launches Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board is Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space.
1992 - Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Shining Path, is captured by Peruvian special forces; shortly thereafter the rest of Shining Path's leadership fell as well.
1994 - Frank Eugene Corder crashes a Cessna 150 into the White House's south lawn, striking the West wing and killing himself.
1995 - Kareem Abdul-Jabbar's All Star Team beats the Harlem Globetrotters 91-85, ending the Globetrotters' 24-year, 8,829-game winning streak.
2001 - Article V of the NATO agreement is invoked for only the second time (the other being in Bosnia) in response to the September 11, 2001 attacks against the United States of America.
2001 - Ansett Australia, Australia's first commercial interstate airline, collapses due to increased strain on the international airline industry leaving 10000 people unemployed.
2003 - The United Nations lifted sanctions against Libya after that country agreed to accept responsibility and recompense the families of victims in the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103.
2005 - Israel completes its withdrawal of all troops and settlers from the Gaza Strip.
2005 - The red-green coalition, led by Jens Stoltenberg, wins the Norwegian parliamentary election, taking 87 of 169 seats in the parliament.
2005 - Hong Kong Disneyland opens in Penny's Bay, Lantau Island, Hong Kong.
2007 - Shinzo Abe announced he resigns as Prime Minister of Japan.
2007 - Former Philippine President Joseph Estrada was convicted for the crime of plunder.
490 BC - Athens defeats Persia at the Battle of Marathon;origin of the marathon long-distance race (attributed to Pheidippides)

Thursday, September 10, 2009

Historical Events on 11 Sep

Historical Events on 11 Sep

1185 - Isaac II Angelus kills Stephanus Hagiochristophorites and then appeals to the people, resulting in the revolt which deposes Andronicus I Comnenus and places Isaac on the throne of the Byzantine Empire.
1226 - The Roman Catholic practice of perpetual adoration begins.
1297 - Battle of Stirling Bridge: Scots led by William Wallace defeat the English.
1541 - Santiago, Chile, is destroyed by indigenous warriors, lead by Michimalonko.
1609 - Expulsion order announced against the Moriscos of Valencia; beginning of the expulsion of all Spain's Moriscos.
1609 - Henry Hudson comes across Manhattan Island and the natives living there.
1649 - Siege of Drogheda ends: Oliver Cromwell's English Parliamentarian troops take the town and execute its garrison.
1683 - John III Sobieski of Poland arrives on Kahlen Hill, leading to the Battle of Vienna the next day.[1]
1697 - Battle of Zenta
1708 - Charles XII of Sweden stops his march to conquer Moscow outside Smolensk, marking the turning point in the Great Northern War. The army is defeated nine months later in the battle of Poltava, and the Swedish empire is no longer a major power.
1709 - Battle of Malplaquet: Great Britain, Netherlands and Austria fight against France.
1714 - Barcelona surrenders to Spanish and French Bourbon armies in the War of the Spanish Succession.
1773 - The Public Advertiser publishes a satirical essay titled Rules By Which A Great Empire May Be Reduced To A Small One, which is written by Benjamin Franklin.
1776 - British-American peace conference on Staten Island fails to stop nascent American Revolution.
1777 - Battle of Brandywine - Major American Revolutionary war victory for British in Chester County, Pennsylvania.
1786 - The Beginning of the Annapolis Convention.
1789 - Alexander Hamilton is appointed as first United States Secretary of the Treasury.
1792 - Hope Diamond is stolen along with other crown jewels when six men broke into the house used to store the jewels.
1802 - France annexed the Kingdom of Piedmont.
1814 - The climax of the Battle of Plattsburgh, a major United States victory in the War of 1812.
1847 - Stephen Foster's most well-known song, Oh! Susanna, is first performed at a saloon in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
1857 - The Mountain Meadows Massacre: Mormon settlers and Paiutes massacre 120 pioneers at Mountain Meadows, Utah.
1888 - Death of the Argentine politician Domingo Sarmiento, after whom the Latin American Teacher's Day was chosen.
1891 - The Jewish Colonization Association is established by Baron Maurice de Hirsch.
1893 - First World Parliament of Religions conference held.
1897 - After months of pursuit, generals of Menelik II of Ethiopia capture Gaki Sherocho, the last king of Kaffa, bringing an end to that ancient kingdom.
1903 - First race is held at The Milwaukee Mile in West Allis, Wisconsin. It is the oldest major speedway in the world.
1906 - Mahatma Gandhi coins the term Satyagraha to characterize the Non-Violence movement in South Africa.
1914 - Australia invades New Britain, defeating a German contingent there.
1915 - The Pennsylvania Railroad begins electrified commuter rail service between Paoli and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, using overhead AC trolley wires for power.
1916 - The Quebec Bridge's central span collapses, killing 11 men. The bridge initially collapsed in toto on August 29, 1907.
1919 - U.S. Marines invade Honduras.
1921 - Nahalal, the first moshav in Israel, is settled.
1922 - One of the Herald Sun of Melbourne, Australia's predecessor papers The Sun News-Pictorial is founded.
1922 - The Treaty of Kars is ratified in Yerevan, Armenia.
1922 - The British Mandate of Palestine begins.
1926 - An assassination attempt on Benito Mussolini fails.
1931 - Salvatore Maranzano is murdered by Charles Luciano's hitmen.
1932 - Franciszek Żwirko and Stanisław Wigura, Polish Challenge 1932 winners, killed in a plane crash as their RWD 6 crashed into the ground during a storm.
1940 - George Stibitz pioneers the first remote operation of a computer.
1940 - World War II: Buckingham Palace is damaged during a German air raid.
1941 - World War II: U.S. Navy ordered to attack German U-boats.
1941 - Ground broken for the construction of The Pentagon.
1941 - Charles Lindberg's Des Moines Speech accusing the British, Jews and FDR's administration of pressing for war with Germany.
1943 - World War II: start of the liquidation of the Ghettos in Minsk and Lida by the Nazis.
1943 - World War II: German troops occupy Corsica and Kosovo-Metohija.
1944 - World War II: the first allied troops of the U.S. Army cross the western border of Nazi Germany.
1944 - World War II: RAF bombing raid on Darmstadt and the following firestorm kill 11,500.
1945 - World War II: Liberation of the Japanese-run POW and civilian internee camp at Batu Lintang, Kuching, Sarawak on the island of Borneo by Australian 9th Division forces. Over 2,000 prisoners, including women and children, were due to be executed on Septemb
1955 - Dedication of the first Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Europe, the Bern Switzerland Temple.
1956 - People to People International is founded by President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
1960 - Young Americans for Freedom meeting at home of William F. Buckley, Jr. promulgates the Sharon Statement.
1961 - Formation of the World Wildlife Fund.
1961 - Hurricane Carla strikes the Texas coast as a Category 4 hurricane, the strongest storm ever to hit the state.
1965 - The 1st Cavalry Division of the United States Army arrives in Vietnam.
1968 - Air France Flight 1611 crashes off Nice, France, killing 89 passengers and 6 crew.
1970 - 88 of the hostages from the Dawson's Field hijackings are released. The remaining hostages, mostly Jews or Israeli citizens, are held until September 25.
1970 - The Ford Pinto is introduced.
1971 - The Egyptian Constitution becomes official.
1972 - Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) in San Francisco, California begins regular service.
1973 - A CIA backed coup in Chile headed by General Augusto Pinochet topples the democratically elected President Salvador Allende. Pinochet remains in power for almost 17 years.
1974 - Eastern Air Lines Flight 212 crashes in Charlotte, North Carolina, killing 69 passengers and two crew.
1978 - U.S. President Jimmy Carter, President Sadat of Egypt, and Prime Minister Begin of Israel met at Camp David and agreed on a framework for peace between Israel and Egypt and a comprehensive peace in the Middle East.
1980 - Voters approve the present Constitution of Chile.
1981 - A small plane crashes into the Swing Auditorium in San Bernardino damaging it beyond repair.
1982 - The international forces, which were guaranteeing the safety of Palestinian refugees following Israel's 1982 Invasion of Lebanon, left Beirut. Five days later, several thousand refugees were massacred in the Sabra and Shatila refugee camps.
1985 - Baseball: Pete Rose gets his 4,192nd career base hit, breaking Ty Cobb's record which stood for over 60 years.
1987 - Dan Rather walks off the set of the CBS Evening News over disapproval of the handling of a major event being interrupted and postponed by a sports program, leaving six minutes of dead air.
1989 - The iron curtain opens between the communist Hungary and Austria. From Hungary thousands of East Germans throng to Austria and West Germany.
1990 - U.S. President George H. W. Bush delivers a nationally televised speech in which he threatens the use of force to remove Iraqi soldiers from Kuwait, which Iraq had recently invaded. He mentions the term "New World Order" in this speech for the first time,
1992 - Hurricane Iniki, one of the most damaging hurricanes in United States history , devastates the State of Hawaii, especially the islands of Kauai and Oahu.
1994 - Frank Eugene Corder steals a Cessna plane, intending to crash it into the White House.
1996 - Union Pacific Railroad purchases Southern Pacific Railroad.
1997 - NASA's Mars Global Surveyor reaches Mars.
1997 - After a nationwide referendum, Scotland votes to establish a devolved parliament, within the United Kingdom.
1998 - Opening ceremony for the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Malaysia was the first Asian country to host the games.
1998 - Independent counsel Kenneth Starr sends a report to the U.S. Congress accusing President Bill Clinton of 11 possible impeachable offenses.
2000 - Activists protest against the World Economic Forum meeting in Melbourne, Australia. See S11.
506 - The bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde.
9 - Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends.

Wednesday, September 9, 2009

Historical Events on 10 Sep

Historical Events on 10 Sep

1419 - John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy is assassinated by adherents of the Dauphin, the future Charles VII of France.
1608 - John Smith is elected council president of Jamestown, Virginia.
1776 - American Revolutionary War: Nathan Hale volunteers to spy.
1798 - At the Battle of St. George's Caye, British Honduras defeats Spain.
1813 - The U.S. defeats the British Fleet at the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812.
1823 - Simón Bolívar is named President of Peru.
1846 - Elias Howe gets a patent for the sewing machine.
1858 - George Mary Searle discovers the asteroid 55 Pandora.
1897 - Lattimer Massacre - a sheriff's posse kills twenty unarmed immigrant miners in Pennsylvania, United States.
1898 - Empress Elizabeth of Austria is assassinated by Luigi Lucheni.
1919 - Austria and the Allies sign the Treaty of Saint-Germain recognizing the independence of Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia.
1927 - France had its first Davis Cup win, though it had competed since 1905.
1932 - The New York City Subway's third competing subway system, the municipally-owned IND, is opened.
1939 - Canada declares war on Nazi Germany, joining France, the UK, New Zealand and Australia in the Allies.
1939 - World War II: The submarine HMAS Oxley is mistakenly sunk by the submarine HMS Triton near Norway and becomes the Royal Navy's first loss.
1942 - World War II: The British carry out an amphibious landing on Madagascar to re-launch Allied offensive operations in the Madagascar Campaign.
1943 - World War II: German forces begin their occupation of Rome.
1951 - United Kingdom began an economic boycott of Iran.
1961 - Italian Grand Prix, a crash causes the death of German driver Wolfgang von Trips and 13 spectators hit by his Ferrari.
1963 - 20 African-American students enter public schools in Alabama.
1967 - The people of Gibraltar vote to remain a British dependency rather than becoming part of Spain.
1972 - The United States loses its first international basketball game in a disputed match against the Soviet Union at Munich, Germany.
1974 - Guinea-Bissau gains independence from Portugal.
1976 - A British Airways Hawker Siddeley Trident and an Inex-Adria DC-9 collide near Zagreb, Yugoslavia, killing 176.
1977 - Last execution by Guillotine in France. Hamida Djandoubi, convicted for torture and murder.
1990 - The Basilica of Our Lady of Peace in Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire - the largest church in Africa is consecrated by Pope John Paul II.
2000 - Cats closes on Broadway.
2002 - Switzerland, noted as a neutral country, joins the United Nations.
2003 - Anna Lindh, the foreign minister of Sweden, is stabbed fatally while shopping, and dies of her wounds on September 11.
2007 - Former Pakistan Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif returns to Pakistan after seven years in exile, following a military coup in October 1999.
506 - The bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde.

Tuesday, September 8, 2009

Historical Events on 9 Sep

Historical Events on 9 Sep

1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age.
1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Habsburg lands between the Habsburg Dukes Albert III and Leopold III.
1493 - Battle of Krbava field, a decisive defeat of Croats in Croatian struggle against the Ottoman Empire invasion.
1513 - James IV of Scotland is defeated and dies in the Battle of Flodden Field, ending Scotland's involvement in the War of the League of Cambrai.
1543 - Mary Stuart, at nine months old, is crowned "Queen of Scots" in the central Scottish town of Stirling.
1739 - Stono Rebellion, the largest slave uprising in Britains mainland North American colonies prior to the American Revolution, erupts near Charleston, South Carolina.
1776 - The Continental Congress officially names their new union of sovereign states the United States.
1791 - The capital of the United States, Washington, D.C., is named for President George Washington.
1839 - John Herschel takes the first glass plate photograph.
1850 - California is admitted as the thirty-first U.S. state.
1850 - The Compromise of 1850 strips Texas of a third of its claimed territory (now parts of Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Wyoming) in return for the U.S. federal government assuming $10 million of Texas's pre-annexation debt.
1863 - American Civil War: The Union Army enters Chattanooga, Tennessee.
1886 - The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works is finalized.
1914 - World War I: The creation of the Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade, the first fully mechanized unit in the British Army.
1922 - Greek-Turkish war has ended with Turkish victory over the Greeks.
1923 - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey, founds the Republican People's Party (CHP).
1924 - Hanapepe Massacre occurs on Kauai, Hawaii.
1926 - The U.S. National Broadcasting Company formed.
1942 - World War II: A Japanese floatplane drops an incendiary bomb on Oregon.
1943 - World War II: The Allies land at Salerno and Taranto, Italy.
1944 - World War II: The Fatherland Front takes power in Bulgaria through a military coup in the capital and armed rebellion in the country. A new pro-Soviet government is established.
1945 - Second Sino-Japanese War: Japan formally surrenders to China.
1947 - First actual case of a computer bug being found: a moth lodges in a relay of a Harvard Mark II computer at Harvard University.
1948 - The Republic Day of Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
1956 - Elvis Presley appears on The Ed Sullivan Show for the first time.
1965 - Hurricane Betsy makes its second landfall near New Orleans, Louisiana, leaving 76 dead and $1.42 billion ($10-12 billion in 2005 dollars) in damages, becoming the first hurricane to top $1 billion in unadjusted damages.
1965 - The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development is established.
1966 - The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act signed into law by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson.
1969 - Allegheny Airlines Flight 853 DC-9 collided in flight with a Piper PA-28 and crashed near Fairland, Indiana.
1970 - A British airliner is hijacked by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) and flown to Dawson's Field in Jordan.
1971 - The four-day Attica Prison riot begins, which eventually results in 39 dead, most killed by state troopers retaking the prison.
1991 - Tajikstan gains independence from the Soviet Union.
1993 - The Palestine Liberation Organization officially recognizes Israel as a legitimate state.
2001 - Ahmed Shah Massoud, leader of the Northern Alliance, is assassinated in Afghanistan.
2004 - 2004 Australian embassy bombing: A bomb explodes outside the Australian embassy in Jakarta, killing 10 people.

Monday, September 7, 2009

Historical Events on 8 Sep

Historical Events on 8 Sep

1264 - The Statute of Kalisz, guaranteeing Jews safety and personal liberties and giving battei din jurisdiction over Jewish matters, was promulgated by Boleslaus the Pious, Duke of Greater Poland.
1331 - Stefan Dušan declares himself king of Serbia
1380 - Battle of Kulikovo - Russian forces defeat a mixed army of Tatars and Mongols, stopping their advance.
1449 - Battle of Tumu Fortress - Mongolians capture the Chinese emperor.
1504 - Michelangelo's David is unveiled in Florence.
1514 - Battle of Orsha - In one of the biggest battles of the century, Lithuanians and Poles defeat the Russian army.
1565 - Pedro Menéndez de Avilés settles St. Augustine, Florida.
1565 - The Knights of Malta lift the Turkish siege of Malta (the Siege of Malta started on May 18).
1727 - A barn fire during a puppet show in the village of Burwell in Cambridgeshire, England kills 78 people, many of whom are children.
1755 - French and Indian War: Battle of Lake George.
1756 - French and Indian War: Kittanning Expedition.
1761 - Marriage of George III of the United Kingdom to Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Queen Charlotte).
1793 - French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Hondschoote.
1796 - French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Bassano - French forces defeat Austrian troops at Bassano del Grappa.
1810 - The Tonquin sets sail from New York Harbor with 33 employees of John Jacob Astor's newly created Pacific Fur Company on board. After a six-month journey around the tip of South America, the ship arrived at the mouth of the Columbia River and Astor's men e
1831 - William IV was crowned King of Great Britain.
1863 - American Civil War: Second Battle of Sabine Pass - On the Texas-Louisiana border at the mouth of the Sabine River, a small Confederate force thwarts a Union invasion of Texas.
1888 - In England the first six Football League matches ever are played.
1888 - In London, the body of Jack the Ripper's second murder victim, Annie Chapman, is found.
1900 - Galveston Hurricane of 1900: a powerful hurricane hits Galveston, Texas killing about 8,000 people.
1914 - World War I: Private Thomas Highgate becomes the first British soldier to be executed for desertion during the war.
1921 - 16-year-old Margaret Gorman won the Atlantic City Pageant's Golden Mermaid trophy; pageant officials later dubbed her the first Miss America.
1923 - Honda Point Disaster: Nine US Navy destroyers run aground off the California coast. Seven are lost.
1926 - Germany was admitted to the League of Nations.
1930 - 3M begins marketing Scotch transparent tape.
1934 - Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner SS Morro Castle kills 135 people.
1935 - US Senator from Louisiana, Huey Long, nicknamed "Kingfish," is fatally shot in the Louisiana capitol building.
1941 - World War II: Siege of Leningrad begins. German forces begin a siege against the Soviet Union's second-largest city, Leningrad. Stalin orders the Volga Deutsche deported to Siberia.
1943 - World War II: United States General Dwight D. Eisenhower publicly announces the Allied armistice with Italy.
1943 - World War II: Julius Fučík is executed by Nazis.
1943 - World War II: The O.B.S. (German General Headquarters for the Mediterranean zone) in Frascati was bombed by USAAF.
1944 - World War II: Menton is liberated from Germany.
1944 - World War II: London is hit by a V2 rocket for the first time.
1945 - Cold War: United States troops arrive to partition the southern part of Korea in response to Soviet troops occupying the northern part of the peninsula a month earlier.
1951 - Treaty of San Francisco: In San Francisco, California, 48 nations sign a peace treaty with Japan in formal recognition of the end of the Pacific War.
1954 - The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) is established.
1959 - The Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) is established.
1960 - In Huntsville, Alabama, US President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally dedicates the Marshall Space Flight Center (NASA had already activated the facility on July 1).
1962 - Last run of the famous Pines Express over the Somerset and Dorset Railway line (UK) fittingly using the last steam locomotive built by British Railways 9F locomotive 92220 'Evening Star'
1962 - Newly independent, Algeria, by referendum, adopts a Constitution.
1966 - The Severn Bridge was officially opened by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II
1967 - The formal end of steam traction in the North East of England by British Railways.
1970 - Hijacking (and subsequent destruction) of three airliners to Jordan by Palestinians; the events to follow would later become known as Black September
1971 - In Washington, DC, the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts is inaugurated, with the opening feature being the premiere of Leonard Bernstein's Mass.
1974 - Watergate Scandal: US President Gerald Ford pardons former President Richard Nixon for any crimes Nixon may have committed while in office.
1975 - Gays in the military: US Air Force Tech Sergeant Leonard Matlovich, a decorated veteran of the Vietnam War, appears in his Air Force uniform on the cover of Time magazine with the headline (printed in all uppercase) "I Am A Homosexual." He is later given
1991 - Republic of Macedonia becomes independent.
1994 - A USAir Boeing 737 crashes in Hopewell Township, Pennsylvania, near the city of Aliquippa.
1999 - United States Attorney General Janet Reno names former Senator John Danforth to head an independent investigation of the 1993 fire at the Branch Davidian church near Waco, Texas in response to revelations in the film Waco: The Rules of Engagement contradi
2004 - The NASA unmanned spacecraft Genesis crash-lands when its parachute fails to open.
2005 - Two EMERCOM Il-76 aircraft land at a disaster aid staging area at Little Rock Air Force Base; the first time Russia has flown such a mission to North America.
70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem.

Sunday, September 6, 2009

Historical Events on 7 Sep

Historical Events on 7 Sep

1191 - Third Crusade: Battle of Arsuf - Richard I of England defeats Saladin at Arsuf.
1251 BC - A solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes, Greece.
1776 - World's first submarine attack: the American submersible craft Turtle attempts to attach a time bomb to the hull of British Admiral Richard Howe's flagship HMS Eagle in New York Harbor.
1812 - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Borodino - Napoleon defeats the Russian army of Alexander I near the village of Borodino.
1818 - Carl III of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim.
1821 - The Republic of Gran Colombia (a federation covering much of present day Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador) was established, with Simón Bolívar as the founding President and Francisco de Paula Santander as vice president.
1822 - Dom Pedro I declares Brazil independent from Portugal on the shores of the Ipiranga river in São Paulo.
1860 - Steamship Lady Elgin sinks on Lake Michigan, with the loss of around 400 lives.
1864 - American Civil War: Atlanta, Georgia, is evacuated on orders of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman.
1876 - In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and the James-Younger Gang attempt to rob the town's bank but are surrounded by an angry mob and are nearly killed.
1893 - The Genoa Cricket & Athletic Club, to become the first Italian football club, is established by British expats.
1901 - The Boxer Rebellion in China officially ends with the signing of the Boxer Protocol.
1906 - Alberto Santos-Dumont flies his 14-bis aircraft at Bagatelle, France for the first time successfully.
1907 - Cunard Line's RMS Lusitania sets sail on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England to New York City.
1909 - Eugene Lefebvre (1878-1909), while test piloting a new French-built Wright biplane, crashes at Juvisy France when his controls jam. Lefebvre dies, becoming the first 'pilot' in the world to lose his life in a powered-heavier-than-air-craft.
1911 - French poet Guillaume Apollinaire is arrested and put in jail on suspicion of stealing the Mona Lisa from the Louvre museum.
1915 - Former cartoonist Johnny Gruelle is given a patent for his Raggedy Ann doll.
1921 - In Atlantic City, New Jersey, the first Miss America Pageant, a two-day event, is held.
1922 - In Aydin, Turkey, independence of Aydin, from Greek occupation.
1927 - The University of Minas Gerais is founded in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, by GovernorAntônio Carlos.
1927 - The first fully electronic television system is achieved by Philo Taylor Farnsworth.
1929 - Steamer Kuru capsizes and sinks on Lake Näsijärvi near Tampere in Finland. 136 lives were lost.
1936 - The last surviving member of the thylacine species, Benjamin, dies alone in her cage at the Hobart Zoo in Tasmania.
1940 - Treaty of Craiova: Romania loses Southern Dobrudja to Bulgaria.
1940 - World War II: The Blitz - Nazi Germany begins to rain bombs on London. This will be the first of 57 consecutive nights of bombing.
1942 - Holocaust: 8,700 Jews of Kolomyia (western Ukraine) sent by German Gestapo to death camp in Belzec.
1942 - First flight of the Consolidated B-32 Dominator.
1943 - A fire at the Gulf Hotel in Houston, Texas, kills 55 people.
1943 - World War II: The German 17th Army begins its evacuation of the Kuban River (Taman Peninsula) bridgehead in southern Russia and moves across the Strait of Kerch to the Crimea. The move signals the beginning of full retreat of German forces along the Easte
1945 - Japanese forces on Wake Island, which they had held since December of 1941, surrender to U.S. Marines.
1953 - Nikita Khrushchev becomes head of the Soviet Central Committee.
1963 - The Pro Football Hall of Fame opens in Canton, Ohio with 17 charter members.
1965 - Vietnam War: In a follow-up to August's Operation Starlight, United States Marines and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Piranha on the Batangan Peninsula.
1965 - China announces that it will reinforce its troops in the Indian border.
1970 - Bill Shoemaker sets record for most lifetime wins as a jockey (passing Johnny Longden).
1970 - Fighting between Arabic guerillas and government forces in Amman, Jordan.
1970 - An anti-war rally is held at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, attended by John Kerry, Jane Fonda and Donald Sutherland.
1977 - The Torrijos-Carter Treaties between Panama and the United States on the status of the Panama Canal are signed. The US agrees to transfer control of the canal to Panama at the end of the 20th century.
1978 - While walking across Waterloo Bridge in London, Bulgarian dissident Georgi Markov is assassinated by Bulgarian secret police agent Francesco Giullino by means of a ricin pellet fired from in a specially-designed umbrella.
1979 - The Entertainment and Sports Programming Network (ESPN) makes its debut.
1979 - The Chrysler Corporation asks the United States government for USD $1 billion to avoid bankruptcy.
1986 - Gen. Augusto Pinochet, president of Chile, escapes attempted assassination.
1986 - Desmond Tutu becomes the first black man to lead the Anglican Church in South Africa.
1988 - Abdul Ahad Mohmand, the first Afghan in space, returns aboard the Soviet spacecraft Soyuz TM-5 after 9 days on the Mir space station.
1997 - The first test flight of the F-22 Raptor takes place.
1998 - Google is founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, two students at Stanford University
1999 - A 5.9 magnitude earthquake rocks Athens, rupturing a previously unknown fault, killing 143, injuring more than 500, and leaving 50,000 people homeless.
2004 - Hurricane Ivan, a Category 5 hurricane hitting Grenada, killing 39 and damaging 90% of its buildings.
2005 - First presidential election was held in Egypt.
70 - A Roman army under General Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem.

Saturday, September 5, 2009

Historical Events on 6 Sep

Historical Events on 6 Sep

1492 - Christopher Columbus sails from La Gomera in the Canary Islands, his final port of call before crossing the Atlantic for the first time.
1522 - The Victoria, one of the surviving ships of Ferdinand Magellan's expedition, returns to Sanlúcar de Barrameda in Spain, becoming the first ship to circumnavigate the world.
1620 - The Pilgrims sail from Plymouth, England, on the Mayflower to settle in North America. (Old Style date; September 16 per New Style date.)
1628 - Puritans settle Salem, which will later become part of Massachusetts Bay Colony.
1669 - The siege of Candia ends with the Venetian fortress surrendering to the Ottomans
1776 - Hurricane hits Guadeloupe, killing more than 6000.
1781 - The Battle of Groton Heights takes place, resulting a British victory.
1847 - Henry David Thoreau leaves Walden Pond and moves in with Ralph Waldo Emerson and his family in Concord, Massachusetts.
1861 - American Civil War: Forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant bloodlessly capture Paducah, Kentucky, which gives the Union control of the mouth of the Tennessee River.
1863 - American Civil War: Confederates evacuate Battery Wagner and Morris Island in South Carolina.
1870 - Louisa Ann Swain of Laramie, Wyoming becomes the first woman in the United States to cast a vote legally after 1807.
1885 - Eastern Rumelia declares its union with Bulgaria. The Unification of Bulgaria is accomplished.
1888 - Charles Turner becomes the first bowler to take 250 wickets in an English season - a feat since accomplished only by Tom Richardson (twice), J.T. Hearne, Wilfred Rhodes (twice) and Tich Freeman (six times).
1901 - Anarchist Leon Czolgosz shoots and fatally wounds US President William McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.
1930 - Democratically elected Argentine president Hipólito Yrigoyen is deposed in a military coup.
1937 - Spanish Civil War: The start of the Battle of El Mazuco.
1939 - World War II: South Africa declares war on Germany.
1939 - World War II: The Battle of Barking Creek.
1940 - King Carol II of Romania abdicates and is succeeded by his son Michael.
1944 - World War II: The city of Ypres, Belgium is liberated by allied forces.
1948 - Juliana becomes Queen of the Netherlands.
1949 - Allied military authorities relinquish control of former Nazi Germany assets back to German control.
1949 - A former sharpshooter in World War II, Howard Unruh kills 13 neighbors in Camden, New Jersey, with a souvenir Luger to become the first U.S. single-episode mass murderer.
1952 - Canada's first television station, CBFT-TV, opens in Montreal.
1955 - Istanbul Pogrom: Istanbul's Greek and Armenian minority are the target of a government-sponsored pogrom.
1963 - The Centre for International Industrial Property Studies (CEIPI) is founded.
1965 - War of 1965: India attacks Pakistan and announces that its forces will capture Lahore (city of Pakistan) in an hour.
1966 - In Cape Town, South Africa, the architect of Apartheid, Prime Minister Hendrik Verwoerd, is stabbed to death during a parliamentary meeting.
1968 - Swaziland becomes independent.
1970 - Two passenger jets bound from Europe to New York are simultaneously hijacked by Palestinian terrorist members of PFLP and taken to Dawson's Field in Jordan.
1976 - Cold War: Soviet air force pilot Lt. Viktor Belenko lands a MiG-25 jet fighter at Hakodate on the island of Hokkaidō in Japan and requests political asylum in the United States.
1983 - The Soviet Union admits to shooting down Korean Air Flight KAL-007, stating that the pilots did not know it was a civilian aircraft when it violated Soviet airspace.
1985 - Midwest Express Airlines Flight 105, a Douglas DC-9 crashes just after takeoff from Milwaukee, Wisconsin, killing 31.
1986 - In Istanbul, two terrorists from Abu Nidal's organization kill 22 and wound six inside the Neve Shalom synagogue during Shabbat services.
1991 - The Soviet Union recognizes the independence of the Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
1991 - The name Saint Petersburg is restored to Russia's second largest city, which had been renamed Leningrad in 1924.
1992 - Hunters discover the emaciated body of Christopher Johnson McCandless at his camp 20 miles west of the town of Healy, Alaska.
1995 - Cal Ripken Jr of the Baltimore Orioles plays in his 2,131st consecutive game, breaking a record that stood for 56 years.
1997 - Diana, Princess of Wales is laid to rest in front of a television audience of more than 2.5 billion.
3114 BC - According to the proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started.
394 - Battle of the Frigidus: The Christian Roman Emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills the pagan usurper Eugenius and his Frankish magister militum Arbogast.

Friday, September 4, 2009

Historical Events on 5 Sep

Historical Events on 5 Sep

1590 - Alexander Farnese's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris.
1661 - Fall of Nicolas Fouquet: Louis XIV Superintendent of Finances is arrested in Nantes by D'Artagnan, captain of the king's musketeers.
1666 - Great Fire of London ends: 10,000 buildings including St. Paul's Cathedral are destroyed, but only 16 people are known to have died.
1698 - In an effort to move his people away from archaic customs, Tsar Peter I of Russia imposes a tax on beards.
1725 - Wedding of Louis XV and Maria Leszczyńska.
1774 - First Continental Congress assembles in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1781 - Battle of the Chesapeake in the American Revolutionary War.
1793 - French Revolution the French National Convention initiates the Reign of Terror.
1798 - Conscription is made mandatory in France by the Jourdan law.
1800 - Malta is conquered by Great Britain.
1816 - Louis XVIII has to dissolve the Chambre introuvable ("Unobtainable Chamber").
1836 - Sam Houston is elected as the second president of the Republic of Texas.
1839 - The First Opium War begins in China.
1840 - Premiere of Giuseppe Verdi's Un giorno di regno at La Scala of Milan.
1862 - American Civil War: the Potomac River is crossed at White's Ford in the Maryland Campaign.
1864 - Achille François Bazaine becomes Marshall of France.
1877 - Indian Wars: Oglala Sioux chief Crazy Horse is bayoneted by a United States soldier after resisting confinement in a guardhouse at Fort Robinson in Nebraska.
1882 - The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.
1887 - Fire at Theatre Royal in Exeter, England killed 186
1905 - Russo-Japanese War: In New Hampshire, USA, the Treaty of Portsmouth, mediated by US President Theodore Roosevelt, ends the war.
1906 - The first legal forward pass in American football is thrown by Bradbury Robinson of St. Louis University to teammate Jack Schneider in a 22-0 victory over Carroll College (Wisconsin).
1914 - World War I: First Battle of the Marne begins. Northeast of Paris, the French attack and defeat German forces who are advancing on the capital.
1915 - The pacifist Zimmerwald Conference begins.
1918 - Decree "On Red Terror" is published in Russia
1932 - The French Upper Volta is broken apart between Ivory Coast, French Sudan, and Niger.
1937 - Spanish Civil War: Llanes falls.
1938 - Chile: A group of youths affiliated with the fascist National Socialist Movement of Chile are assassinated in the Seguro Obrero massacre.
1939 - World War II: The United States declares its neutrality in the war.
1942 - World War II: Japanese high command orders withdrawal at Milne Bay, first Japanese defeat in the Pacific War.
1943 - World War II: The 503d Parachute Infantry Regiment lands and occupies Nazdab, near Lae in the Salamaua-Lae campaign.
1944 - Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg constitute Benelux.
1945 - Iva Toguri D'Aquino, a Japanese-American suspected of being wartime radio propagandist Tokyo Rose, is arrested in Yokohama.
1948 - Robert Schuman becomes President of the Council while being Foreign minister, As such, he is the negotiator of the major treaties of the end of World War II.
1957 - Cuba: Fulgencio Batista bombs the revolt in Cienfuegos.
1960 - The poet Léopold Sédar Senghor is elected as the first President of Senegal.
1961 - The first conference of the Non Aligned Countries is held in Belgrade.
1969 - My Lai Massacre: U.S. Army Lt. William Calley is charged with six specifications of premeditated murder for the death of 109 Vietnamese civilians in My Lai.
1970 - Vietnam War: Operation Jefferson Glenn begins: the United States 101st Airborne Division and the South Vietnamese 1st Infantry Division initiate a new operation in Thua Thien province.
1972 - Munich Massacre: A Palestinian terrorist group called "Black September" attack Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympic Games.
1975 - Sacramento, California: a follower of incarcerated cult leader Charles Manson, Lynette Fromme attempts to assassinate U.S. President Gerald Ford.
1977 - Hanns Martin Schleyer, is kidnapped in Cologne, West Germany by the Red Army Faction and is later murdered.
1977 - Voyager program: Voyager 1 is launched after a brief delay.
1978 - Camp David Accords: Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat begin peace process at Camp David, Maryland.
1980 - The St. Gotthard Tunnel opens in Switzerland as the world's longest highway tunnel at 10.14 miles (16.224 km) stretching from Goschenen to Airolo.
1984 - STS-41-D: The Space Shuttle Discovery lands after its maiden voyage.
1984 - Western Australia becomes the last Australian state to abolish capital punishment.
1986 - Pan Am Flight 73 with 358 people on board is hijacked at Karachi International Airport.
2005 - Mandala Airlines Flight 091 crashes into a heavily-populated residential of Sumatra, Indonesia, killing 104 people on board and at least 39 persons on ground.
2007 - 3 terrorists suspected to be a part of Al-Quaeda are arrested in Germany after planning attacks on both the Frankfurt International airport and US military installations. See German Terror Plot 9/07