Saturday, June 30, 2012

Historical Events on 1 Jul

Historical Events on 1 Jul

1097 - Battle of Dorylaeum: Crusaders under Bohemond of Taranto defeat a Seljuk army under Qilich Arslan I.
1520 - La Noche Triste: Joint Mexican Indian force led by Aztecs under Cuitláhuac defeat Spanish Conquistadors under Hernán Cortés.
1569 - Union of Lublin: The Kingdom of Poland (Polish Crown) and Great Duchy of Lithuania confirm a real union, the united country is called the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth or the Republic of Both Nations.
1690 - Glorious Revolution: Battle of the Boyne as reckoned under Julian calendar.
1782 - American privateers attack Lunenburg, Nova Scotia.
1858 - The joint reading of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace's papers on evolution to the Linnean Society.
1862 - American Civil War: The Battle of Malvern Hill takes place, the final battle in the Seven Days Campaign, part of the George B. McClellan's Peninsula Campaign.
1862 - The Russian State Library is founded.
1863 - American Civil War: The Battle of Gettysburg begins.
1867 - The British North America Act, 1867 takes effect as the Constitution of Canada, creating the Canadian Confederation; John A. Macdonald sworn as first Prime Minister.
1870 - The United States Department of Justice formally comes into existence.
1873 - Prince Edward Island joins the Canadian Confederation.
1878 - Canada joins the Universal Postal Union.
1879 - Charles Taze Russell publishes the first edition of the religious magazine The Watchtower.
1881 - The world's first international telephone call takes place between St. Stephen, New Brunswick, Canada, and Calais, Maine, United States.
1881 - General Order 70, the culmination of the Cardwell-Childers reforms of the British Army's organisation, comes into effect.
1885 - The United States terminates reciprocity and fishery agreement with Canada.
1890 - Canada and Bermuda are linked by telegraph cable.
1892 - The Homestead Strike, a strike by the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers against the Carnegie Steel Company, begins.
1898 - Spanish-American War: The Battle of San Juan Hill was fought in Santiago de Cuba.
1916 - World War I: First day on the Somme - On the first day of the Battle of the Somme 20,000 soldiers of the British Army are killed and 40,000 wounded.
1921 - The Communist Party of China is founded.
1931 - United Airlines began service (as Boeing Air Transport).
1933 - The Canadian Parliament suspends all Chinese immigration.
1935 - Regina, Saskatchewan police and Royal Canadian Mounted Police ambush strikers participating in On-to-Ottawa-Trek.
1942 - World War II: First Battle of El Alamein.
1942 - Australian Federal Government becomes sole collector of Income Tax (State Income Tax Abolished).
1943 - Tokyo City merges with Tokyo Prefecture and is dissolved. Since then, no city in Japan has had the name "Tokyo." (Present-day Tokyo is not a city.)
1948 - Quaid-i-Azam inaugrates Pakistan's central bank, the State Bank of Pakistan.
1957 - The International Geophysical Year begins (until December 31, 1958).
1958 - The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation links television broadcasting across Canada via microwave.
1958 - Flooding of the St. Lawrence Seaway begins.
1959 - The Party of the African Federation (PFA) holds its constitutive conference.
1960 - Independence of Somalia.
1960 - Ghana becomes a Republic and Kwame Nkrumah becomes its first President as Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom ceases to be the Head of state.
1962 - Independence of Rwanda.
1962 - Independence of Burundi.
1963 - ZIP Codes are introduced for United States mail.
1963 - The British Government admits that former diplomat Kim Philby had worked as a Soviet agent.
1966 - The first color television transmission in Canada takes place from Toronto.
1967 - Canada celebrates the 100th anniversary of the British North America Act, 1867.
1967 - The European Community is formally created out of a merger with the Common Market, the European Coal and Steel Community, and the European Atomic Energy Commission.
1968 - The CIA's Phoenix Program is officially established.
1968 - The Nuclear non-proliferation treaty is signed in Washington, London and Moscow by sixty-two countries.
1968 - Formal separation of the United Auto Workers from the AFL-CIO.
1970 - President General Yahya Khan abolished One-Unit of West Pakistan restoring the provinces.
1972 - Andreas Baader, Jan-Carl Raspe and Holger Meins of the Red Army Faction are captured in Frankfurt after a shootout with the police.
1972 - The first Gay Pride march in England takes place.
1976 - Portugal grants autonomy to Madeira.
1978 - Northern Territory (Aus) granted Self-Government.
1979 - Sony introduces the Walkman.
1980 - O Canada officially becomes the national anthem of Canada.
1983 - A North Korean Ilyushin Il-62M jet en route to Conakry Airport in Guinea crashes into the Fouta Djall Mountains in Guinea-Bissau, killing all 23 people on board.
1984 - The PG-13 rating is introduced by the MPAA.
1987 - American radio station WFAN in New York City is launched as the world's first all-sports radio station.
1990 - German re-unification: East Germany accepts the Deutsche Mark as its currency, thus uniting the economies of East and West Germany.
1991 - The Warsaw Pact is officially dissolved at a meeting in Prague.
1997 - The People's Republic of China resumes sovereignty over the city-state of Hong Kong, ending 156 years of British colonial rule.
1999 - The Scottish Parliament is officially opened by Queen Elizabeth on the day powers are officially transferred from the old Scottish Office in London to the new devolved Scottish Executive in Edinburgh.
2000 - Vermont's civil unions law goes into effect.
2000 - The Oresund Bridge, connecting Sweden and Denmark, opens for traffic.
2002 - A Bashkirian Airlines (flight 2937) Tupolev TU-154 and a DHL (German cargo) Boeing 757 collide in mid-air over Ueberlingen, southern Germany, killing 71.
2002 - The International Criminal Court is established to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression.
2004 - Saturn Orbit insertion of Cassini-Huygens begins at 01:12 UTC and ends at 02:48 UTC.
2006 - The first operation of Qinghai-Tibet Railway in the People's Republic of China.
2007 - Smoking in England is banned in all public indoor spaces. With the ban already in force in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, this means it is illegal to smoke in indoor public places anywhere in the UK. The ban is also put into effect in Australia.
251 - The Battle of Abrittus is won by the Goths against the Romans. Roman Emperors Decius and Herennius Etruscus are killed.

Friday, June 29, 2012

Historical Events on 30 Jun

Historical Events on 30 Jun

1422 - Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Milan and the Swiss cantons.
1520 - The Spaniards are expelled from Tenochtitlan.
1559 - King Henry II of France is seriously injured in a jousting match against Gabriel de Montgomery.
1651 - The Deluge: Khmelnytsky Uprising - the Battle of Beresteczko ends with a Polish victory.
1688 - The Immortal Seven issue the Invitation to William, continuing the struggle for English independence from Rome which would culminate in the Glorious Revolution.
1758 - Seven Years' War: The Battle of Domstadtl takes place.
1805 - The U.S. Congress organizes the Michigan Territory.
1859 - French acrobat Charles Blondin crosses Niagara Falls on a tightrope.
1860 - The 1860 Oxford evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History takes place.
1864 - U.S. President Abraham Lincoln grants Yosemite Valley to California for "public use, resort and recreation".
1882 - Charles J. Guiteau is hanged in Washington, D.C. for the shooting death of President James Garfield.
1886 - The first transcontinental train trip across Canada departs from Montreal. It arrives in Port Moody, British Columbia on July 4.
1905 - Albert Einstein publishes the article "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies", in which he introduces special relativity.
1906 - The United States Congress passes the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act.
1908 - The Tunguska event occurs in Siberia.
1912 - The Regina Cyclone hits Regina, Saskatchewan, killing 28. It remains Canada's deadliest tornado event.
1921 - U.S. President Warren G. Harding appoints former President William Howard Taft Chief Justice of the United States.
1934 - The Night of the Long Knives, Adolf Hitler's violent purge of his political rivals in Germany, takes place.
1935 - The Senegalese Socialist Party holds its first congress.
1941 - World War II: Operation Barbarossa - Germany captures Lviv, Ukraine.
1944 - World War II: The Battle of Cherbourg ends with the fall of the strategically valuable port to American forces.
1953 - The first Chevrolet Corvette rolls off the assembly line in Flint, Michigan.
1956 - A TWA Super Constellation and a United Airlines DC-7 (Flight 718) collide above the Grand Canyon in Arizona, United States, killing all 128 on board the two planes.
1960 - Congo gains independence from Belgium.
1963 - Ciaculli massacre: A car bomb, intended for Mafia boss Salvatore Greco, kills seven police and military officers near Palermo.
1968 - Solemni hac liturgia by Pope Paul VI.
1969 - Nigeria bans Red Cross aid to Biafra.
1971 - Ohio ratifies the 26th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, lowering the voting age to 18, thereby putting the amendment into effect.
1971 - The crew of the Soviet Soyuz 11 spacecraft are killed when their air supply escapes through a faulty valve.
1972 - One leap second is added to the UTC time system.
1977 - Virginia Wade wins the Ladies Singles title at Wimbledon, the last British champion at the All England Club to date.
1985 - Thirty-nine American hostages from a hijacked TWA jetliner are freed in Beirut after being held for 17 days.
1986 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules that states could outlaw homosexual acts between consenting adults.
1987 - The Royal Canadian Mint introduces the $1 coin, known as the Loonie.
1988 - French archbishop Marcel Lefebvre is excommunicated by the Roman Catholic Church.
1990 - East Germany and West Germany merge their economies.
1992 - Former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher joins the House of Lords as Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven.
1997 - The United Kingdom transfers sovereignty over Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China.
2005 - Spain legalizes same-sex marriage.
2007 - A car crashes into Glasgow International Airport in Scotland, believed to be a terrorist attack.
350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the usurper Magnentius, in Rome.

Thursday, June 28, 2012

Historical Events on 29 Jun

Historical Events on 29 Jun

1149 - Raymond of Antioch is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din.
1194 - Sverre is crowned King of Norway.
1534 - Jacques Cartier makes the European discovery of Prince Edward Island.
1613 - The Globe Theatre in London, England burns to the ground.
1644 - Charles I of England defeats a Parliamentarian detachment at the Battle of Cropredy Bridge, the last battle won by an English King on English soil.
1659 - The Russians, led by prince Trubetskoy are defeated by the Ukrainian armies of Ivan Vyhovsky in the Battle of Konotop.
1749 - New Governor, Charles de la Ralière Des Herbiers, arrives at Isle Royale (Cape Breton Island).
1786 - Alexander Macdonell and over five hundred Roman Catholic highlanders leave Scotland to settle in Glengarry County, Ontario.
1850 - Coal is discovered on Vancouver Island.
1850 - Autocephaly Officially Granted by the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople to The Church of Greece.
1864 - Ninety-nine people are killed in Canada's worst railway disaster near St-Hilaire, Quebec.
1874 - Greek politician Charilaos Trikoupis publishes a manifesto in the Athens daily Kairoi entitled "Who's to Blame?" in which he lays out his complaints against King George. He is elected Prime Minister of Greece the next year.
1880 - France annexes Tahiti.
1888 - First (known) recording of classical music made, Handel's Israel in Egypt on wax cylinder.
1891 - Street railway in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, commences operation.
1895 - Doukhobors burn their weapons as a protest against conscription by the Tsarist Russian government.
1914 - Jina Guseva attempts to assassinate Grigori Rasputin at his home town in Siberia.
1916 - Sir Roger Casement, Irish Nationalist and British diplomat is sentenced to death for his part in the Easter Rising.
1922 - France grants 1 km² at Vimy Ridge "freely, and for all time, to the Government of Canada, the free use of the land exempt from all taxes."
1925 - Canada House opens in London, England.
1926 - Arthur Meighen returns to office as Prime Minister of Canada.
1927 - First test of Wallace Turnbull's Controllable pitch propeller.
1937 - Joseph-Armand Bombardier of Canada receives patent for sprocket and track traction system used in snow vehicles.
1945 - Carpathian Ruthenia was annexed by Soviet Union.
1956 - The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 is signed, officially creating the United States Interstate Highway System.
1972 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules the death penalty could constitute "cruel and unusual punishment".
1974 - Isabel Perón is sworn in as the first female President of Argentina. Her husband President Juan Peron had delegated responsibility due to weak health and died two days later.
1976 - The Seychelles become independent from the United Kingdom.
1995 - Space Shuttle program: STS-71 Mission (Atlantis docks with the Russian space station Mir for the first time.)
1995 - The Sampoong Department Store collapses in the Seocho-gu district of Seoul, South Korea, killing 501 and injuring 937.
2002 - Naval clashes between South Korea and North Korea lead to the death of six South Korean sailors and sinking of a North Korean vessel.
2002 - U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney, serves as Acting President for two and a half hours, while President George W. Bush undergoes a colonoscopy procedure.
2006 - Hamdan v. Rumsfeld: The U.S. Supreme Court rules that President George W. Bush's plan to try Guantanamo Bay detainees in military tribunals violates U.S. and international law.
2007 - iPhone is released in the U.S.
2007 - Two car bombs are found in the heart of London at Picadilly Circus.
2008 - Thomas Beatie, the world's first pregnant man, gives birth to a daughter.
512 - A solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland.

Wednesday, June 27, 2012

Historical Events on 28 Jun

Historical Events on 28 Jun

1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul.
1389 - Ottomans defeat Serbian army in the bloody Battle of Kosovo, opening the way for the Ottoman conquest of Southeastern Europe (see Vidovdan).
1519 - Charles V elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
1635 - Guadeloupe becomes a French colony.
1651 - Battle of Beresteczko between Poles and Ukrainians starts.
1776 - Thomas Hickey, Continental Army private and bodyguard to General George Washington, was hanged for mutiny and sedition.
1778 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Monmouth fought between the American Continental Army under George Washington and the British Army led by Sir Henry Clinton. Washington appoints Molly Pitcher a sergeant.
1807 - Second British invasion; John Whitelock lands at Ensenada on an attempt to recapture Buenos Aires and is defeated by the fierce resistance of the locals.
1838 - The coronation of Victoria of the United Kingdom.
1841 - The Théâtre de l'Académie Royale de Musique in Paris premieres the ballet Giselle
1855 - The Sigma Chi Fraternity was founded at Miami University
1859 - First conformation dog show is held in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England.
1865 - The Army of the Potomac is disbanded
1880 - Ned Kelly the Australian bushranger captured at Glenrowan.
1881 - Secret treaty between Austria and Serbia.
1886 - First scheduled Canadian transcontinental passenger train departs from Montreal, Quebec for Port Moody, British Columbia.
1887 - Minot, North Dakota incorporated as a city.
1894 - Labor Day becomes an official US holiday.
1895 - El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua form the Central American Union.
1902 - The U.S. Congress passes the Spooner Act, authorizing President Theodore Roosevelt to acquire rights from Colombia for the Panama Canal.
1904 - The SS Norge Runs aground and sinks
1914 - Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria and his wife Sophie are assassinated in Sarajevo by young Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip , the casus belli of World War I.
1919 - The Treaty of Versailles is signed in Paris, formally ending World War I between Belgium, Britain, France, Italy, the United States and allies on the one side and Germany and Austria Hungary on the other side.
1922 - The Irish Civil War begins with the shelling of the Four Courts in Dublin by Free State forces.
1936 - The Japanese puppet state of Mengjiang is formed in northern China.
1940 - Romania cedes Bessarabia (current-day Moldova) to the Soviet Union.
1948 - Cominform circulates the "Resolution on the situation in the Communist Party of Yugoslavia"; Yugoslavia is expelled from the Communist bloc.
1950 - Seoul is captured by troops from North Korea.
1956 - Protests and demonstrations in Poznań. Also called Poznański czerwiec (June of Poznań).
1964 - Malcom X forms the Organization of Afro-American Unity.
1967 - Israel annexes East Jerusalem.
1969 - Stonewall riots begin in New York City.
1973 - Elections are held for the Northern Ireland Assembly, which will lead to power-sharing between unionists and nationalists in Northern Ireland for the first time.
1976 - The Angolan court sentenced US and UK mercenaries to death sentences and prison terms in the Luanda Trial.
1978 - The United States Supreme Court, in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke bars quota systems in college admissions.
1983 - The Mianus River Bridge collapses over the Mianus River in Connecticut, killing 3 drivers in their vehicles.
1986 - ¡A Luchar! holds its first congress in Bogotá, Colombia.
1990 - Paperback Software International Ltd. found guilty by a U.S. court of copyright violation for copying the appearance and menu system of Lotus 1-2-3 in its competing spreadsheet program.
1992 - The Constitution of Estonia is signed into law.
1994 - Members of the Aum Shinrikyo cult release sarin gas attack at Matsumoto, Japan, 7 persons killed, 660 injured.
1996 - The Constitution of Ukraine is signed into law.
1997 - Mike Tyson vs Evander Holyfield II - Tyson is disqualified in the 3rd round for biting a piece from Holyfield's ear.
2000 - Cuban exile Elián González returns to Cuba following a Supreme Court order.
2004 - Estonia, Lithuania and Slovenia join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism
2004 - Sovereign power is handed to the interim government of Iraq by the Coalition Provisional Authority, ending the U.S.-led rule of that nation.
2004 - The 17th NATO Summit starts in Istanbul.
2005 - Canada becomes the third country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage.
2005 - A final design for Manhattan's Freedom Tower is formally unveiled.
2006 - The Republic of Montenegro was admitted as the 192nd Member of the United Nations by General Assembly resolution 60/264.

Tuesday, June 26, 2012

Historical Events on 27 Jun

Historical Events on 27 Jun

1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded
1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava.
1743 - War of the Austrian Succession: Battle of Dettingen: on the battlefield in Bavaria, George II personally leads troops into battle. The last time that a British monarch would command troops in the field.
1759 - General James Wolfe begins the siege of Quebec.
1806 - The British capture Buenos Aires during the British invasions of the Río de la Plata.
1844 - Joseph Smith, Jr., founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and his brother Hyrum Smith, are murdered by a mob at the Carthage, Illinois jail.
1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Kennesaw Mountain.
1867 - The Bank of California is created.
1893 - Crash of the New York Stock Exchange.
1898 - The first solo circumnavigation of the globe is completed by Joshua Slocum from Briar Island, Nova Scotia.
1905 - (June 14 according to the Julian calendar): Battleship Potemkin uprising: sailors start a mutiny aboard the Battleship Potemkin, denouncing the crimes of autocracy, demanding liberty and an end to war.
1923 - Capt. Lowell H. Smith and Lt. John P. Richter perform the first ever aerial refueling in a DH-4B biplane
1941 - German troops capture the city of Białystok during Operation Barbarossa.
1950 - The United States decides to send troops to fight in the Korean War.
1954 - The world's first nuclear power station opens in Obninsk, near Moscow.
1957 - Hurricane Audrey kills 500 people in Louisiana and Texas.
1966 - The first broadcast of Dark Shadows is aired on ABC-TV.
1967 - The world's first ATM is installed in Enfield, London.
1969 - The Stonewall riots that mark the beginning of the gay liberation movement begin in Greenwich Village in Manhattan.
1973 - The President of Uruguay dissolves Parliament and heads a coup d'état.
1974 - U.S president Richard Nixon visits the U.S.S.R..
1976 - Air France Flight 139 (Tel Aviv-Athens-Paris) is hijacked en route to Paris by the PLO and redirected to Entebbe, Uganda.
1977 - France grants independence to Djibouti.
1980 - A commercial DC-9 (Aerolinee Itavia Flight 870) crashes near Ustica, Italy, killing 81.
1984 - Pierre Elliott Trudeau wins the Albert Einstein Peace Prize.
1985 - U.S. Route 66 ceases to be an official U.S. highway.
1986 - The International Court of Justice finds against the United States in its judgement in Nicaragua v. United States.
1987 - A commercial HS 748 (Philippine Airlines Flight 206) crashes near Baguio City, Philippines, killing 50.
1991 - Slovenia, after declaring independence two days before, is invaded by Yugoslav troops, tanks, and aircraft, starting the Ten-Day War.
1998 - Opening of the Kuala Lumpur International Airport in Malaysia.
2001 - The International Court of Justice finds against the United States in its judgement in the LaGrand Case.
2001 - Pope John Paul II beatifies 28 Ukrainian Greek Catholics, including 27 martyrs most of whom were killed by the Soviet secret police. Beatification takes place at the service in Lviv, western Ukraine during his first visit to this country.
2003 - The United States National Do Not Call Registry, formed to combat unwanted telemarketing calls and administered by the Federal Trade Commission, enrolls almost three-quarters of a million phone numbers on its first day.
2005 - AMD files broad antitrust complaints against Intel Corporation in U.S. Federal District Court, alleging abuse of monopoly powers and antitrust violations.
2007 - The Brazilian Military Police invades the favelas of Complexo do Alemão in an episode which is remembered as the Complexo do Alemão massacre.
2008 - Bill Gates steps down as Chairman of Microsoft Corporation to work full time for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Monday, June 25, 2012

Historical Events on 26 Jun

Historical Events on 26 Jun

1284 - According to legend, the Pied Piper lures 130 children away from Hamelin.
1409 - Western Schism: the Roman Catholic church is led into a double schism as Petros Philargos is crowned Pope Alexander V after the Council of Pisa, joining Pope Gregory XII in Rome and Pope Benedict XII in Avignon.
1483 - Richard III is crowned king of England.
1541 - Francisco Pizarro is assassinated in Lima by the son of his former companion and later antagonist, Diego Almagro the younger. Almagro is later caught and executed.
1718 - Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich of Russia, Peter the Great's son, mysteriously dies after being sentenced to death by his father for plotting against him.
1723 - After a lasting siege and bombardment by cannons, Baku surrenders to the Russians.
1848 - End of the June Days Uprising in Paris.
1857 - The first investiture of the Victoria Cross in Hyde Park, London.
1870 - The Christian holiday of Christmas is declared a federal holiday in the United States.
1917 - the first U.S. troops arrive in France to fight alongside Britain, France, Italy, and Russia against Germany, and Austria-Hungary in World War I.
1918 - World War I, Western Front: Battle for Belleau Wood - Allied Forces under John J. Pershing and James Harbord defeat Imperial German Forces under Wilhelm, German Crown Prince.
1924 - American occupying forces leave the Dominican Republic.
1927 - The Cyclone roller coaster opens on Coney Island
1934 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Federal Credit Union Act, which establishes credit unions.
1936 - Initial flight of the Focke-Wulf Fw 61, the first practical helicopter.
1940 - World War II: under the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, the Soviet Union presents an ultimatum to Romania requiring it to cede Bessarabia and the northern part of Bukovina.
1945 - The United Nations Charter is signed in San Francisco.
1948 - William Shockley filed the original patent for the grown junction transistor, the first bipolar junction transistor.
1948 - The Western allies begin an airlift to Berlin after the Soviet Union blockades West Berlin.
1959 - The Saint Lawrence Seaway opens, opening North America's Great Lakes to ocean-going ships.
1960 - The former British Protectorate of Somaliland British Somaliland gains its independence.
1963 - John F. Kennedy speaks the famous words "Ich bin ein Berliner" on a visit to West Berlin.
1973 - On Plesetsk Cosmodrome 9 people are killed in an explosion of a Cosmos 3-M rocket.
1974 - The Universal Product Code is scanned for the first time to sell a package of Wrigley's chewing gum at the Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio
1975 - Two FBI agents and a member of the American Indian Movement are killed in a shootout on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota; Leonard Peltier is later convicted of the murders in a controversial trial.
1975 - Indira Gandhi establishes emergency rule in India.
1976 - The CN Tower, the world's tallest free-standing structure on land, is opened.
1977 - The Yorkshire Ripper kills 16 year old shop assistant Jayne MacDonald in Leeds, changing public perception of the killer as she was the first victim who was not a prostitute.
1978 - Air Canada Flight 189 to Toronto overruns the runway and crashes into the Etobicoke Creek ravine. Two of 107 passengers on board perish.
1991 - Ten-Day War- the Yugoslav people's army begins the Ten-Day War in Slovenia.
1993 - The U.S. launches a missile attack targeting Baghdad intelligence headquarters in retaliation for a thwarted assassination attempt against former President George H.W. Bush in April in Kuwait.
1995 - Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani deposes his father Khalifa bin Hamad al-Thani, the Emir of Qatar, in a bloodless coup.
1996 - Irish Journalist Veronica Guerin is shot in her car while in traffic in the outskirts of Dublin
1997 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules that the Communications Decency Act violates the First Amendment
2003 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Lawrence v. Texas that gender-based sodomy laws are unconstitutional.
2008 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules in District of Columbia v. Heller that the ban on handguns in the District of Columbia is unconstitutional.
363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. General Jovian is proclaimed Emperor by the troops on the battlefield.

Sunday, June 24, 2012

Historical Events on 25 Jun

Historical Events on 25 Jun

1530 - The Augsburg Confession is presented at the Diet of Augsburg to the Holy Roman Emperor by the Lutheran princes and Electors of Germany.
1678 - Elena Cornaro Piscopia is the first woman awarded a doctorate of philosophy.
1788 - Virginia becomes the 10th state to ratify the United States Constitution.
1876 - Battle of the Little Bighorn and the death of Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer.
1935 - Diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and Colombia are established.
1938 - Dr. Douglas Hyde is inaugurated the first President of Ireland.
1944 - The Battle of Tali-Ihantala, the largest battle ever fought in the Nordic Countries, begins.
1947 - The Diary of Anne Frank is published.
1948 - The Berlin Airlift begins.
1949 - Long-Haired Hare is released in Theaters starring Bugs Bunny.
1950 - The Korean War begins with the invasion of South Korea by North Korea.
1967 - First global satellite television programme - Our World
1975 - Mozambique achieves independence.
1975 - Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declares Emergency in India, suspending civil liberties and elections.
1976 - Missouri Governor Christopher S. Bond issues an executive order rescinding the Extermination Order, formally apologizing on behalf of the state of Missouri for the suffering it had caused the Latter Day Saints.
1981 - Microsoft is restructured to become an incorporated business in its home state of Washington.
1982 - Greece abolishes headshaving of recruits in the military.
1983 - India wins the final of the Cricket World Cup against the mighty West Indies at the MCC's Lord's Cricket Ground in London.
1991 - Croatia and Slovenia declare their independence from Yugoslavia.
1993 - Kim Campbell is chosen as leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada and becomes the first female Prime Minister of Canada.
1996 - The Khobar Towers bombing in Saudi Arabia kills 19 U.S. servicemen.
1997 - An unmanned Progress spacecraft collides with the Russian Space station, Mir.
1998 - In Clinton v. City of New York, the United States Supreme Court decides that the Line Item Veto Act of 1996 is unconstitutional.
2007 - 2007 United Kingdom floods, parts of Lincolnshire and Yorkshire flood including Louth, Horncastle and worst affected, Hull.
2008 - Atlantis Plastics shooting, An employee shot and killed five people after an argument, which ended in the gunman's suicide in Henderson, Kentucky.
2008 - Robert Mugabe had his honourary knighthood stripped by Queen Elizabeth II of England.
524 - Battle of Vézeronce, the Franks defeat the Burgundians.
841 - Battle of Fontenay.

Saturday, June 23, 2012

Historical Events on 24 Jun

Historical Events on 24 Jun

1128 - Battle of São Mamede, near Guimarães:Portuguese forces led by Alfonso I defeat his mother D. Teresa and D. Fernão Peres de Trava. After this battle, the future king calls himself "Prince of Portugal", the first step towards "official independence" in 1
1314 - First War of Scottish Independence: The Battle of Bannockburn concludes with a decisive victory of the Scottish forces led by Robert the Bruce. Scotland regains its independence in the aftermath of this battle.
1340 - Hundred Years' War: Battle of Sluys: The French fleet is almost destroyed by the English Fleet commanded in person by Edward III of England.
1374 - A sudden outbreak of St. John's Dance causes people in the streets of Aachen, Germany, to experience hallucinations and begin to jump and twitch uncontrollably until they collapse from exhaustion.
1441 - Eton College is founded.
1497 - Cornish traitors Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London.
1497 - John Cabot lands on North America in Newfoundland; the first European exploration of the region since the Vikings.
1509 - Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon are crowned King and Queen of England.
1535 - The Anabaptist state of Münster is conquered and disbanded.
1571 - Manila, the capital of the Republic of the Philippines, is founded by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi.
1597 - The first Dutch voyage to the East Indies reaches Bantam (on Java).
1662 - The Dutch attempt but fail to capture Macau.
1664 - The colony of New Jersey is founded.
1692 - Kingston, Jamaica is founded.
1717 - The Grand Lodge of England, the first Freemasonic Grand Lodge (now the United Grand Lodge of England), is founded in London, England.
1748 - The Kingswood School is opened by John Wesley and his brother Charles Wesley in Bristol. The school later moved to Bath.
1793 - The first republican constitution in France is adopted.
1794 - Bowdoin College is founded.
1812 - Napoleonic Wars: Napoleon's Grande Armée crosses the Neman River beginning his invasion of Russia.
1813 - Battle of Beaver Dams : A British, and Indian joint force defeat the U.S Army.
1821 - The Battle of Carabobo takes place. It is the decisive battle in the war of independence of Venezuela from Spain.
1859 - Battle of Solferino: (Battle of the Three Sovereigns). Sardinia and France defeat Austria in Solferino, northern Italy.
1880 - First performance of O Canada, the song that would become the national anthem of Canada, at the Congrès national des Canadiens-Français.
1894 - Marie Francois Sadi Carnot is assassinated by Sante Geronimo Caserio.
1901 - First exhibition of Pablo Picasso's work opens.
1902 - King Edward VII develops appendicitis, delaying his coronation.
1913 - Greece and Serbia annul their alliance with Bulgaria.
1916 - Mary Pickford becomes the first female film star to get a million dollar contract.
1916 - World War I: The Battle of the Somme begins with a week long artillery bombardment on the German Line.
1918 - First airmail service in Canada from Montreal to Toronto.
1928 - With declining business, the Great Gorge and International Railway begins using one-person crews on trolley operations in Canada.
1932 - A military coup ends the absolute power of the king of Siam (Thailand).
1938 - A 450 metric ton meteorite strikes the earth in an empty field near Chicora, Pennsylvania.
1940 - France and Italy sign an armistice.
1945 - The Moscow Victory Parade takes place.
1947 - Kenneth Arnold makes the first widely reported UFO sighting near Mount Rainier, Washington.
1948 - Start of the Berlin Blockade. The Soviet Union makes overland travel between the West with West Berlin impossible.
1949 - The first Television Western, Hopalong Cassidy, is aired on NBC starring William Boyd.
1957 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules that obscenity is not protected by the First Amendment in Roth v. United States.
1963 - Zanzibar is granted internal self-government by the United Kingdom.
1975 - An Eastern Air Lines Boeing 727 crashes at John F. Kennedy Airport, New York. 113 people die.
1981 - The Humber Bridge is opened to traffic, connecting Yorkshire and Lincolnshire. It would be the world's longest single-span suspension bridge for 17 years.
1982 - British Airways Flight 9, sometimes referred to as the Jakarta incident, flew into a cloud of volcanic ash thrown up by the eruption of Mount Galunggung, resulting in the failure of all four engines.
1983 - Space Shuttle program: STS-7: Sally Ride, the first female American astronaut, returns to earth.
1985 - STS-51-G Space Shuttle Discovery completed its mission, best remembered for having Sultan bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, the first Arab and first Muslim in space, as a Payload Specialist.
1993 - Yale computer science professor Dr. David Gelernter loses the sight in one eye, the hearing in one ear, and part of his right hand after receiving a mailbomb from the Unabomber.
1994 - A United States Air Force B-52 aircraft crashes at Fairchild Air Force Base, killing all four members of its crew.
1995 - South Africa defeats New Zealand in the 1995 Rugby World Cup. The 1995 World cup is the first major sporting event in South Africa after Apartheid.
2002 - The Igandu train disaster in Tanzania kills 281, the worst train accident in African history.
2004 - In New York, capital punishment is declared unconstitutional.
2007 - The Angora Fire starts near South Lake Tahoe, California destroying 200+ structures in its first 48 hours.
972 - Battle of Cedynia, the first documented victory of Polish forces, takes place.

Friday, June 22, 2012

Historical Events on 23 Jun

Historical Events on 23 Jun

1305 - The Flemish-French peace treaty is signed at Athis-sur-Orge.
1314 - First War of Scottish Independence: The Battle of Bannockburn, south of Stirling, begins.
1532 - Henry VIII and François I sign a secret treaty against Emperor Charles V.
1565 - Turgut Reis (Dragut), commander of the Ottoman Navy, dies during the Siege of Malta.
1611 - The mutinous crew of Henry Hudson's fourth voyage sets Henry, his son and seven loyal crew members adrift in an open boat in what is now Hudson Bay; they are never heard from again.
1661 - Marriage contract between Charles II of England and Catherine of Braganza.
1683 - William Penn signs friendship treaty with Lenni Lenape Indians in Pennsylvania.
1713 - The French residents of Acadia are given one year to declare allegiance to Britain or leave Nova Scotia, Canada.
1757 - Battle of Plassey - 3,000 British troops under Robert Clive defeat a 50,000 strong Indian army under Siraj Ud Daulah at Plassey.
1758 - Seven Years' War: Battle of Krefeld - British forces defeat French troops at Krefeld in Germany.
1760 - Seven Years' War: Battle of Landeshut - Austria defeats Prussia.
1780 - American Revolution: Battle of Springfield fought in and around Springfield, New Jersey (including Short Hills, formerly of Springfield, now of Millburn Township.
1794 - Empress Catherine II of Russia grants Jews permission to settle in Kiev.
1810 - John Jacob Astor forms the Pacific Fur Company.
1812 - War of 1812: Great Britain revokes the restrictions on American commerce, thus eliminating one of the chief reasons for going to war.
1860 - The United States Congress establishes the Government Printing Office.
1865 - American Civil War: At Fort Towson in the Oklahoma Territory, Confederate General Stand Watie surrenders the last significant rebel army.
1868 - Christopher Latham Sholes receives a patent for Type-Writer.
1887 - The Rocky Mountains Park Act becomes law in Canada, creating the nation's first national park, Banff National Park.
1888 - Frederick Douglass is the first African-American nominated for U.S. president.
1894 - The International Olympic Committee is founded at the Sorbonne, Paris, at the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin.
1914 - Mexican Revolution: Francisco Villa takes Zacatecas from Victoriano Huerta.
1917 - In a game against the Washington Senators, Boston Red Sox pitcher Ernie Shore retires 26 batters in a row after replacing Babe Ruth, who had been ejected for punching the umpire.
1919 - Estonian Liberation War: The decisive defeat of German Freikorps forces in the Battle of Cesis. This day is celebrated as Victory Day in Estonia.
1926 - The College Board administers the first SAT exam.
1931 - Wiley Post and Harold Gatty take off from Roosevelt Field, Long Island in an attempt to circumnavigate the world in a single-engine plane.
1938 - The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States.
1940 - World War II: German leader Adolf Hitler surveys newly defeated Paris in now occupied France.
1941 - The Lithuanian Activist Front initiates independence from the Soviet Union; it lasts only briefly as the Nazis occupy Lithuania a few weeks later.
1942 - World War II: Germany's latest fighter, a Focke-Wulf FW190 is captured intact when it mistakenly lands at RAF Pembrey in Wales.
1942 - World War II: The first selections for the gas chamber at Auschwitz take place on a train load of Jews from Paris.
1943 - World War II: The British destroyers Eclipse and Laforey sink the Italian submarine Ascianghi in the Mediterranean after she torpedoes the cruiser HMS Newfoundland.
1945 - World War II: The Battle of Okinawa ends when organised resistance of Imperial Japanese Army forces collapses in the Mabuni area on the southern tip of the main island.
1947 - The United States Senate follows the United States House of Representatives in overriding U.S. President Harry Truman's veto of the Taft-Hartley Act.
1955 - In the Strahov Stadium in Prague the 1st all-national Spartakiáda begins.
1958 - The Dutch Reformed Church accepts women ministers.
1959 - Convicted Manhattan Project spy Klaus Fuchs is released after only nine years in prison and allowed to emigrate to Dresden, East Germany (where he resumed a scientific career).
1959 - A fire in a resort hotel in Stalheim, Norway kills 34 people.
1967 - Cold War: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson meets with Soviet Premier Aleksei Kosygin in Glassboro, New Jersey for the three-day Glassboro Summit Conference.
1968 - 74 are killed and 150 injured in a football stampede towards a closed exit in a Buenos Aires stadium.
1969 - Warren E. Burger is sworn in as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court by retiring chief Earl Warren.
1972 - 45 countries leave the Sterling Area, allowing their currencies to fluctuate independently of the British Pound.
1972 - Watergate Scandal: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and White House chief of staff H. R. Haldeman are taped talking about using the Central Intelligence Agency to obstruct the Federal Bureau of Investigation's investigation into the Watergate break-ins.
1973 - A fire at a house in Hull, England, which kills a six year old boy is passed off as an accident; it later emerges as the first of 26 deaths by fire caused over the next seven years by arsonist Peter Dinsdale.
1985 - A terrorist bomb aboard Air India flight 182 brings the Boeing 747 down off the coast of Ireland, killing all 329 aboard.
1988 - James Hansen testifies to the U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources that it was 99% probable that global warming had begun.
1990 - Moldavia declares independence.

Thursday, June 21, 2012

Historical Events on 22 Jun

Historical Events on 22 Jun

1593 - Battle of Sisak: Allied Christian troops defeat the Turks.
1633 - The Holy Office in Rome forces Galileo Galilei to recant his scientific view that the Sun, not the Earth, is the center of the Universe.
168 BC - Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat and capture Macedonian King Perseus, ending the Third Macedonian War.
1783 - Poisonous cloud from Laki volcanic eruption in Iceland reaches Le Havre in France.
1812 - Napoleon declares war on Russia and invades.
1825 - British Parliament abolishes feudalism and the seigneurial system in British North America.
1844 - Influential North American fraternity Delta Kappa Epsilon is founded at Yale University.
1848 - Beginning of the June Days Uprising in Paris.
1866 - Battle of Custoza: an Austrian army defeats the Italian army during the Austro-Prussian War.
1893 - The Royal Navy battleship HMS Camperdown accidentally rams the British Mediterranean Fleet flagship HMS Victoria which sinks taking 358 crew with her, including the fleet's commander, Vice-Admiral Sir George Tryon.
1898 - Spanish-American War: United States Marines land in Cuba.
1918 - Hammond circus train wreck kills 86 and injures 127 near Hammond, Indiana.
1922 - Herrin massacre, 19 strikebreakers and 2 union miners are killed in Herrin, Illinois.
1940 - France is forced to sign the Second Compiègne armistice with Germany.
1941 - Various Communist and Socialist French Resistance movements merge to one group.
1941 - Germany invades the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa, one of the most dramatic turning points of World War II.
1941 - First anti-fascist armed unit in occupied Europe founded by Croatian partisans near Sisak, Croatia.
1941 - The Lithuanian 1941 independence begins.
1942 - Erwin Rommel is promoted to Field Marshal after the capture of Tobruk.
1944 - Opening day of the Soviet Union's Operation Bagration against Army Group Centre.
1957 - The Soviet Union launches R-12 missile for the first time (in Kapustin Yar).
1962 - An Air France Boeing 707 jet crashes in bad weather in Guadeloupe, West Indies killing 113.
1969 - The Cuyahoga River catches fire, which triggered a crack-down on pollution in the river.
1976 - Canadian House of Commons abolishes capital punishment.
1978 - Charon, a satellite of the dwarf planet Pluto, is discovered.
2002 - An earthquake in western Iran measuring 6.5 on the Richter scale kills more than 261 people.
217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.

Wednesday, June 20, 2012

Historical Events on 21 Jun

Historical Events on 21 Jun

1582 - The Incident at Honnō-ji takes place in Kyoto, Japan.
1621 - Execution of 27 Czech noblemen on the Old Town Square in Prague as a consequence of the Battle of White Mountain.
1665 - The first soldiers of Le Régiment de Carignan-Salières arrive at Quebec to invade Iroquois territories.
1734 - In Montreal in New France (today primarily Quebec), a black slave known by the French name of Marie-Joseph Angélique, having been convicted of the arson that destroyed much of the city, is tortured and hanged by the French authorities in a public ceremon
1749 - Halifax, Nova Scotia, is founded.
1788 - New Hampshire ratifies the Constitution of the United States and is admitted as the 9th state in the United States.
1798 - Irish Rebellion of 1798: The British Army defeats Irish rebels at the Battle of Vinegar Hill.
1813 - Laura Secord sets out to warn British forces of an impending U.S. attack on Queenston, Ontario during the War of 1812.
1813 - Peninsular War: Battle of Vitoria.
1824 - Greek War of Independence: Egyptian forces capture Psara in the Aegean Sea.
1826 - Maniots defeat Egyptians under Ibrahim Pasha in the Battle of Vergas.
1854 - First Victoria Cross won during bombardment of Bomarsund in the Aland Islands.
1864 - New Zealand Land Wars: The Tauranga Campaign ends.
1877 - The Molly Maguires, ten Irish immigrants, are hanged at the Schuylkill County and Carbon County, Pennsylvania prisons.
1898 - Guam becomes a U.S. territory.
1915 - The U.S. Supreme Court hands down its decision in Guinn v. United States 238 US 347 1915, striking down an Oklahoma law denying the right to vote to some citizens.
1919 - Admiral Ludwig von Reuter scuttles the German fleet in Scapa Flow, Orkney. The nine sailors killed were the last casualties of World War I.
1919 - The Royal Canadian Mounted Police fire a volley into a crowd of unemployed war veterans, killing two, during the Winnipeg General Strike.
1940 - The first successful west-to-east navigation of Northwest Passage begins at Vancouver, British Columbia.
1942 - World War II: Tobruk falls to Italian and German forces.
1942 - World War II: A Japanese submarine surfaces near the Columbia River in Oregon, firing 17 shells at nearby Fort Stevens in one of only a handful of attacks by the Japanese against the United States mainland.
1945 - World War II: The Battle of Okinawa ends.
1948 - Columbia Records introduces the long-playing record album in a public demonstration at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City.
1948 - The "Manchester Baby" (SSEM) runs the first ever computer program stored in electronic memory.
1952 - Philippine School of Commerce, through a republic act, is converted to Philippine College of Commerce; later to be the Polytechnic University of the Philippines.
1957 - Ellen Louks Fairclough is sworn in as Canada's first woman Cabinet Minister.
1964 - Three civil rights workers, Andrew Goodman, James Chaney and Mickey Schwerner, are murdered in Neshoba County, Mississippi, United States, by members of the Ku Klux Klan.
1973 - In handing down the decision in Miller v. California 413 US 15, the Supreme Court of the United States establishes the Miller Test, which now governs obscenity in U.S. law.
1982 - John Hinckley is found not guilty by reason of insanity for the attempted assassination of U.S. President Ronald Reagan.
2000 - Section 28 (outlawing the 'promotion' of homosexuality in the United Kingdom) is repealed in Scotland with a 99 to 17 vote.
2001 - A federal grand jury in Alexandria, Virginia, indicts 13 Saudis and a Lebanese in the 1996 bombing of the Khobar Towers in Saudi Arabia that killed 19 American servicemen.
2004 - SpaceShipOne becomes the first privately funded spaceplane to achieve spaceflight.
2006 - Pluto's newly discovered moons are officially named Nix & Hydra.
524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce.

Tuesday, June 19, 2012

Historical Events on 20 Jun

Historical Events on 20 Jun

1214 - The University of Oxford receives its charter.
1631 - The sack of Baltimore: the Irish village of Baltimore is attacked by Algerian pirates.
1685 - Monmouth Rebellion: James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth declares himself King of England at Bridgwater.
1756 - A British garrison is imprisoned in the Black Hole of Calcutta.
1782 - The U.S. Congress adopts the Great Seal of the United States.
1787 - Oliver Ellsworth moves at the Federal Convention to call the government the United States.
1789 - Deputies of the French Third Estate take the Tennis Court Oath.
1791 - King Louis XVI of France and his immediate family begin the Flight to Varennes during The French Revolution.
1819 - The U.S. vessel SS Savannah arrives at Liverpool, United Kingdom. She is the first steam-propelled vessel to cross the Atlantic, although most of the journey was made under sail.
1837 - Queen Victoria succeeds to the British throne.
1840 - Samuel Morse receives the patent for the telegraph.
1862 - Barbu Catargiu, the Prime Minister of Romania, is assassinated.
1863 - American Civil War: West Virginia is admitted as the 35th U.S. state.
1877 - Alexander Graham Bell installs the world's first commercial telephone service in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
1893 - Lizzie Borden is acquitted for the murders of her father and stepmother.
1919 - 150 die at the Teatro Yaguez fire, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
1944 - World War II: The Battle of the Philippine Sea concludes with a decisive U.S. naval victory. The lopsided naval air battle is also known as the “Great Marianas Turkey Shoot”.
1948 - Toast of the Town, later The Ed Sullivan Show, makes its television debut.
1956 - A Venezuelan Super-Constellation crashes in the Atlantic Ocean off Asbury Park, New Jersey, killing 74 people.
1960 - Independence of Mali and Senegal.
1963 - The so-called "red telephone" is established between the Soviet Union and the United States following the Cuban Missile Crisis.
1973 - Ezeiza massacre in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Snipers fire upon left-wing Peronists. At least 13 are killed and more than 300 are injured.
1979 - ABC News correspondent Bill Stewart is shot dead by a Nicaraguan soldier under the regime of Anastasio Somoza Debayle. The murder is caught on tape and sparked international outcry of the regime.
1990 - Asteroid Eureka is discovered.
1991 - The German parliament decides to move the capital from Bonn back to Berlin.
451 - Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' defeats Attila the Hun.

Monday, June 18, 2012

Historical Events on 19 Jun

Historical Events on 19 Jun

1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Earl Erling Skakke is killed, and the battle changes the tide of the civil wars.
1269 - King Louis IX of France orders all Jews found in public without an identifying yellow badge to be fined ten livres of silver.
1306 - The Earl of Pembroke's army defeats Bruce's Scottish army at the Battle of Methven.
1770 - Emanuel Swedenborg reports the completion of the Second Coming of Christ in his work True Christian Religion.
1807 - Admiral Dmitry Senyavin destroys the Ottoman fleet in the Battle of Athos.
1816 - Battle of Seven Oaks between North West Company and Hudson's Bay Company, near Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
1821 - Decisive defeat of the Philikí Etaireía by the Ottomans at Drăgăşani (in Wallachia).
1846 - The first baseball game under recognizable modern rules is played in Hoboken, New Jersey, United States.
1850 - Princess Louise of the Netherlands marries Crown Prince Karl of Sweden-Norway.
1862 - U.S. Congress prohibits slavery in United States territories, nullifying the Dred Scott Case.
1865 - Over two years after the Emancipation Proclamation, slaves in Galveston, Texas, United States, are finally informed of their freedom. The anniversary is still officially celebrated in Texas and 13 other contiguous states as Juneteenth.
1867 - Maximilian I of the Mexican Empire is executed by a firing squad in Querétaro, Querétaro.
1870 - After all of the Southern States are formally readmitted to the United States, the Confederate States of America ceases to exist.
1875 - The Herzegovinian rebellion against the Ottoman Empire begins.
1910 - The first Father's Day is celebrated in Spokane, Washington.
1914 - A radiotelegraphic link is established between Germany and the United States. German Emperor Wilhelm II and U.S. President Woodrow Wilson exchange telegrams to mark the event.
1934 - The Communications Act of 1934 establishes the United States' Federal Communications Commission (FCC).
1943 - Race riots occur in Beaumont, Texas.
1944 - World War II: First day of the Battle of the Philippine Sea.
1953 - Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are executed at Sing Sing, in New York.
1961 - Kuwait declares independence from the United Kingdom.
1970 - The Patent Cooperation Treaty is signed.
1982 - In one of the first militant attacks by Hezbollah, David S. Dodge, president of the American University in Beirut, is kidnapped.
1982 - The body of God's Banker, Roberto Calvi is found hanging beneath Blackfriars Bridge in London.
1986 - Len Bias, an American college basketball player suffered a fatal cardiac arrhythmia that resulted from a cocaine overdose less than 48 hours after being selected by the Boston Celtics.
1987 - The ETA commits one of its most violent attacks, in which a bomb is set off in a supermarket, Hipercor, killing 21 and injuring 45.
2006 - Prime ministers of several northern European nations participate in a ceremonial "laying of the first stone" at the Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Spitsbergen, Norway.

Sunday, June 17, 2012

Historical Events on 18 Jun

Historical Events on 18 Jun

1178 - Five Canterbury monks see what was possibly the Giordano Bruno crater being formed. It is believed that the current oscillations of the moon's distance (on the order of metres) are a result of this collision.
1264 - The Parliament of Ireland meets at Castledermot in County Kildare, the first definitively known meeting of this Irish legislature.
1429 - French forces under the leadership of Joan of Arc defeat the main English army under Sir John Fastolf at the Battle of Patay. This turns the tide of the Hundred Years' War.
1767 - Samuel Wallis, an English sea captain, sights Tahiti and is considered the first European to reach the island.
1778 - American Revolutionary War: British troops abandon Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1812 - War of 1812: The U.S. Congress declares war on the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
1815 - Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Waterloo leads to Napoleon Bonaparte abdicating the throne of France for the second and final time.
1858 - Charles Darwin receives a paper from Alfred Russel Wallace that includes nearly identical conclusions about evolution as Darwin's own. This prompts Darwin to publish his theory.
1873 - Susan B. Anthony is fined $100 for attempting to vote in the 1872 presidential election.
1887 - The Reinsurance Treaty between Germany and Russia is signed.
1900 - Empress Dowager Longyu of China orders all foreigners killed, including foreign diplomats and their families.
1908 - Japanese immigration to Brazil begins when 781 people arrive in Santos aboard the Kasato-Maru ship
1923 - Checker Taxi puts its first taxi on the streets.
1928 - Aviator Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to fly in an aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean (she was a passenger; Wilmer Stutz was the pilot and Lou Gordon the mechanic).
1930 - Groundbreaking ceremonies for the Franklin Institute held.
1940 - "Finest Hour" speech by Winston Churchill.
1940 - Appeal of June 18 by Charles de Gaulle.
1945 - William Joyce (Lord Haw-Haw) is charged with treason.
1946 - Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia, a Socialist calls for a Direct Action Day against the Portuguese in Goa. A road is named after this date in Panjim.
1953 - The Republic of Egypt is declared and the monarchy is abolished.
1953 - A United States Air Force C-124 crashes and burns near Tokyo, Japan killing 129.
1954 - Pierre Mendès-France becomes Prime Minister of France.
1959 - Governor of Louisiana Earl K. Long is committed to a state mental hospital; he responds by having the hospital's director fired and replaced with a crony who proceeds to proclaim him perfectly sane.
1965 - Vietnam War: The United States uses B-52 bombers to attack National Liberation Front guerrilla fighters in South Vietnam.
1972 - Staines air disaster - 118 killed as plane crashes 2 minutes after take off from London Heathrow Airport.
1979 - SALT II is signed by the United States and the Soviet Union.
1981 - The AIDS epidemic is formally recognized by medical professionals in San Francisco, California.
1983 - Space Shuttle program: STS-7, Astronaut Sally Ride becomes the first American woman in space.
1984 - A major clash between about 5,000 police and a similar number of miners takes place at Orgreave, South Yorkshire, during the 1984-1985 miners' strike. The incident later becomes known as the Battle of Orgreave.
1996 - Ted Kaczynski, suspected of being the Unabomber, is indicted on ten criminal counts.
2001 - Protests occur in Manipur over the extension of the ceasefire between Naga insurgents and the government of India.
2006 - The first Kazakh space satellite, KazSat is launched.
618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries of the Tang Dynasty's rule over China.

Saturday, June 16, 2012

Historical Events on 17 Jun

Historical Events on 17 Jun

1462 - Vlad III the Impaler attempts to assassinate Mehmed II (The Night Attack) forcing him to retreat from Wallachia.
1497 - Battle of Deptford Bridge - forces under King Henry VII soundly defeat troops led by Michael An Gof.
1565 - Matsunaga Hisahide assassinates the 13th Ashikaga shogun, Ashikaga Yoshiteru.
1579 - Sir Francis Drake claims a land he calls Nova Albion (modern California) for England.
1631 - Mumtaz Mahal dies during childbirth. Her husband, Mughal emperor Shah Jahan I, then spends more than 20 years building her tomb, the Taj Mahal.
1773 - Cúcuta, Colombia is founded by Juana Rangel de Cuéllar
1775 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Bunker Hill
1789 - In France, the Third Estate declares itself the national assembly.
1839 - In the Kingdom of Hawaii, Kamehameha III issues the Edict of toleration which gives Roman Catholics the freedom to worship in the Hawaiian Islands. The Hawaii Catholic Church and the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace is later established as a result.
1863 - Battle of Aldie in the Gettysburg Campaign of the American Civil War.
1876 - Indian Wars: Battle of the Rosebud - 1,500 Sioux and Cheyenne led by Crazy Horse beat back General George Crook's forces at Rosebud Creek in Montana Territory.
1877 - Indian Wars: Battle of White Bird Canyon - the Nez Perce defeat the US Cavalry at White Bird Canyon in the Idaho Territory.
1885 - The Statue of Liberty arrives in New York Harbor.
1898 - The United States Navy Hospital Corps is established.
1901 - The College Board introduces its first standardized test, the forerunner to the SAT.
1930 - U.S. President Herbert Hoover signs the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act into law.
1932 - Bonus Army: around a thousand World War I veterans amass at the United States Capitol as the U.S. Senate considers a bill that would give them certain benefits.
1933 - Union Station Massacre: in Kansas City, Missouri, four FBI agents and captured fugitive Frank Nash were gunned down by gangsters attempting to free Nash.
1939 - Last public guillotining in France. Eugen Weidmann, a convicted murderer, is guillotined in Versailles outside the prison Saint-Pierre.
1940 - World War II: Operation Ariel begins - Allied troops start to evacuate France, following Germany's takeover of Paris and most of the nation.
1940 - World War II: sinking of the RMS Lancastria by the Luftwaffe near Saint-Nazaire, France.
1940 - World War II: the British Army's 11th Hussars assault and take Fort Capuzzo in Libya, Africa from Italian forces.
1940 - The three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania fall under the occupation of the Soviet Union.
1944 - Iceland declares independence from Denmark and becomes a republic
1948 - A Douglas DC-6 carrying United Airlines Flight 624 crashes near Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania, killing all 43 people on board.
1953 - Workers Uprising: in East Germany, the Soviet Union orders a division of troops into East Berlin to quell a rebellion.
1958 - The Wooden Roller Coaster at Playland, which is in the Pacific National Exhibition, Vancouver, Canada opened, and is still open to this day
1958 - The Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing being built connecting Vancouver and North Vancouver, Canada, collapses into the Burrard Inlet, killing many of the ironworkers and injuring others.
1961 - The New Democratic Party of Canada is founded with the merger of the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) and the Canadian Labour Congress.
1963 - The United States Supreme Court rules 8 to 1 in Abington School District v. Schempp against allowing the reciting of Bible verses and the Lord's Prayer in public schools.
1972 - Watergate scandal: five White House operatives are arrested for burglarizing the offices of the Democratic National Committee, in an attempt by some members of the Republican party to illegally wiretap the opposition.
1987 - With the death of the last individual, the Dusky Seaside Sparrow becomes extinct.
1991 - Apartheid: the South African Parliament repeals the Population Registration Act, which had required all racial classification of all South Africans at birth.
1992 - A 'Joint Understanding' agreement on arms reduction is signed by U.S. President George H. W. Bush and Russian President Boris Yeltsin (this would be later codified in START II).
1994 - Following a televised low-speed highway chase and a failed attempt at suicide, O.J. Simpson is arrested for the murders of his wife, Nicole Brown Simpson, and her friend Ronald Goldman.
2008 - First day of legal same-sex marriage in California

Friday, June 15, 2012

Historical Events on 16 Jun

Historical Events on 16 Jun

1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses.
1586 - Mary Queen of Scots recognizes Philip II of Spain as her heir.
1745 - British troops take Cape Breton Island, which is now part of Nova Scotia, Canada.
1745 - Sir William Pepperell captures the French Fortress Louisbourg in Louisbourg, Nova Scotia during the War of the Austrian Succession.
1746 - War of Austrian Succession: Austria and Sardinia defeat a Franco-Spanish army at the Battle of Piacenza.
1755 - French and Indian War: the French surrender Fort Beauséjour to the British, leading to the expulsion of the Acadians.
1774 - Formation of Harrodsburg, Kentucky.
1779 - Spain declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the siege of Gibraltar begins.
1815 - Battle of Ligny and Battle of Quatre Bras, two days before Waterloo.
1836 - The formation of the London Working Men's Association gives rise to the Chartist Movement.
1846 - The Papal conclave of 1846 concludes. Pope Pius IX is elected pope, beginning the longest reign in the history of the papacy (not counting St. Peter).
1858 - Abraham Lincoln delivers his House Divided speech in Springfield, Illinois.
1858 - Battle of Morar takes place during the Indian Mutiny.
1871 - The University Tests Act allows students to enter the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Durham without religious tests, except for courses in theology.
1883 - The Victoria Hall theatre panic in Sunderland, England kills 183 children
1891 - John Abbott becomes Canada's third prime minister.
1897 - A treaty annexing the Republic of Hawaii to the United States is signed; the Republic would not be dissolved until a year later.
1903 - The Ford Motor Company is incorporated.
1903 - Roald Amundsen commences the first east-west navigation of the Northwest Passage by leaving Oslo, Norway.
1904 - Eugen Schauman assassinates Nikolai Bobrikov, Governor-General of Finland.
1904 - Irish author James Joyce begins a relationship with Nora Barnacle, and subsequently uses the date to set the actions for his novel Ulysses; traditionally "Bloomsday".
1911 - A 772 gram stony meteorite strikes the earth near Kilbourn, Columbia County, Wisconsin damaging a barn.
1915 - The foundation of the British Women's Institute.
1922 - General election in Irish Free State: large majority to pro-Treaty Sinn Féin.
1924 - The Whampoa Military Academy is founded.
1925 - The most famous Young Pioneer camp of the USSR, Artek, is established.
1930 - Sovnarkom establishes decree time in the USSR.
1940 - A Communist government is installed in Lithuania.
1940 - World War II: Marshal Henri Philippe Pétain becomes Premier of Vichy France.
1948 - The storming of the cockpit of the Miss Macao passenger seaplane, operated by a subsidiary of the Cathay Pacific Airways, marks the first skyjacking of a commercial plane.
1955 - Pope Pius XII excommunicates Juan Perón.
1961 - Rudolf Nureyev defects at Le Bourget airport in Paris.
1963 - Soviet Space Program: Vostok 6 Mission - Cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova becomes the first woman in space.
1967 - The three-day Monterey International Pop Music Festival begins in Monterey, California.
1972 - Red Army Faction member Ulrike Meinhof is captured by police in Langenhagen.
1972 - The largest single-site hydro-electric power project in Canada starts at Churchill Falls, Labrador.
1976 - Soweto uprising: a non-violent march by 15,000 students in Soweto, South Africa turns into days of rioting when police open fire on the crowd and kill 566 children.
1977 - Oracle Corporation is incorporated in Redwood Shores, California, as Software Development Laboratories (SDL) by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates.
1989 - Imre Nagy, the former Hungarian Prime Minister, is reburied in Budapest.
1994 - A Chinese operated Tupolev TU-154 crashes 10 minutes after takeoff killing 160.
1997 - The Dairat Labguer massacre in Algeria; 50 people are killed.
1999 - Maurice Greene sets a new 100m world record at 9.79 seconds. This is the largest drop in a 100m world record in the history of electronic timing from Donovan Bailey's 9.84.
2000 - Israel complies with UN Security Council Resolution 425 after 22 years of it issuance, which calls on Israel to completely withdraw from Lebanon. Israel withdraws from all of Lebanon, except the disputed Sheba Farms.

Thursday, June 14, 2012

Historical Events on 15 Jun

Historical Events on 15 Jun

1184 - King Magnus V of Norway is killed at the battle of Fimreite.
1215 - King John of England puts his seal to the Magna Carta.
1219 - Dannebrog - oldest national flag in the world - and flag of Denmark. According to legend, fell from the sky during the Battle of Lyndanisse (now Tallinn) in Estonia, and turned the Danes' luck.
1246 - With the death of Duke Frederick II, the Babenberg dynasty ends in Austria.
1389 - Battle of Kosovo: The Ottoman Empire defeats Serbs and Bosnians.
1520 - Pope Leo X threatens to excommunicate Martin Luther in papal bull Exsurge Domine.
1580 - Phillip II of Spain declares William the Silent to be an outlaw.
1667 - The first human blood transfusion is administered by Dr. Jean-Baptiste Denys.
1752 - Benjamin Franklin proves that lightning is electricity.
1775 - American Revolutionary War: George Washington is appointed commander-in-chief of the Continental Army.
1776 - Delaware Separation Day - Delaware votes to suspend government under the British Crown and separate officially from Pennsylvania.
1785 - Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier, co-pilot of the first-ever manned flight (1783), and his companion, Pierre Romain, become the first-ever casualties of an air crash when their hot air balloon explodes during their attempt to cross the English Channel.
1804 - New Hampshire approves the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratifying the document.
1808 - Joseph Bonaparte becomes King of Spain.
1836 - Arkansas is admitted as the 25th U.S. state.
1844 - Charles Goodyear receives a patent for vulcanization, a process to strengthen rubber.
1846 - The Oregon Treaty establishes the 49th parallel as the border between the United States and Canada, from the Rocky Mountains to the Strait of Juan de Fuca.
1859 - Pig War: Ambiguity in the Oregon Treaty leads to the "Northwestern Boundary Dispute" between U.S. and British/Canadian settlers.
1864 - American Civil War: Siege of Petersburg begins.
1864 - Arlington National Cemetery is established when 200 acres (0.8 km²) around Arlington Mansion are officially set aside as a military cemetery by U.S. Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton.
1867 - Atlantic Cable Quartz Lode gold mine located in Montana.
1877 - Henry Ossian Flipper becomes the first African American cadet to graduate from the United States Military Academy.
1888 - Crown Prince Wilhelm becomes Kaiser Wilhelm II and is the last emperor of the German Empire
1904 - A fire aboard the steamboat General Slocum in New York City's East River kills 1000.
1905 - Princess Margaret of Connaught marries Gustav, Crown Prince of Sweden.
1909 - Representatives from England, Australia and South Africa meet at Lord's and form the Imperial Cricket Conference.
1911 - Tabulating Computing Recording Corporation (IBM) is incorporated.
1913 - The Battle of Bud Bagsak in the Philippine concludes.
1916 - U.S. President Woodrow Wilson signs a bill incorporating the Boy Scouts of America, making them the only American youth organization with a federal charter.
1919 - John Alcock and Arthur Brown complete the first nonstop transatlantic flight at Clifden, County Galway, Ireland.
1920 - Duluth lynchings in Minnesota.
1934 - The U.S.'s Great Smoky Mountains National Park is founded.
1944 - In the Saskatchewan general election, 1944, the CCF, led by Tommy Douglas, is elected and forms the first socialist government of North America.
1944 - World War II: Battle of Saipan: The United States invades Saipan.
1945 - The General Dutch Youth League (ANJV) is founded in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
1954 - UEFA (Union des Associations Européennes de Football) is formed in Basle, Switzerland.
1955 - The Eisenhower administration stages the first annual "Operation Alert" (OPAL) exercise, an attempt to assess the USA's preparations for a nuclear attack.
1962 - Students for a Democratic Society complete the Port Huron Statement.
1978 - King Hussein of Jordan weds American Lisa Halaby, who takes the name Queen Noor.
1985 - Rembrandt's painting Danaë is attacked by a man later judged insane; he threw sulfuric acid on the canvas and cut it twice with his knife.
1991 - Birth of the first federal political party in Canada that supports Quebec nationalism, le Bloc Québécois.
1992 - The United States Supreme Court rules in United States v. Álvarez-Machaín that it is permissible for the USA to forcibly extradite suspects in foreign countries and bring them to the USA for trial, without approval from those other countries.
1994 - Israel and Vatican City establish full diplomatic relations.
1996 - In Manchester, UK, a terrorist bomb injures over 200 people and devastates a large part of the city centre.
2002 - Near earth asteroid 2002 MN missed the Earth by 75,000 miles (120,000 km), about one-third of the distance between the Earth and the Moon
763 BC - Assyrians record a solar eclipse that will be used to fix the chronology of Mesopotamian history.
923 - Battle of Soissons: King Robert I of France is killed and King Charles the Simple is arrested by the supporters of Duke Rudolph of Burgundy.

Wednesday, June 13, 2012

Historical Events on 14 Jun

Historical Events on 14 Jun

1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Song Dynasty court hold the coronation ceremony for the young prince Zhao Shi, making him Emperor Duanzong of Song.
1381 - Richard II in England meets leaders of Peasants' Revolt on Blackheath. The Tower of London is stormed by rebels who enter without resistance.
1645 - English Civil War: Battle of Naseby - 12,000 Royalist forces are beaten by 15,000 Parliamentarian soldiers.
1648 - Margaret Jones is hanged in Boston for witchcraft in the first such execution for the Massachusetts colony.
1775 - American Revolutionary War: the Continental Army is established by the Continental Congress, marking the birth of the United States Army.
1777 - The Stars and Stripes is adopted by Congress as the Flag of the United States.
1789 - Mutiny on the Bounty: Bounty mutiny survivors including Captain William Bligh and 18 others reach Timor after a nearly 7,400 km (4,000-mile) journey in an open boat.
1789 - Whisky distilled from maize is first produced by American clergyman the Rev Elijah Craig. It is named Bourbon because Rev Craig lived in Bourbon County, Kentucky.
1800 - The French Army of First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in Northern Italy and re-conquers Italy.
1807 - Emperor Napoleon I's French Grande Armee defeats the Russian Army at the Battle of Friedland in Poland (modern Russian Kaliningrad Oblast) ending the War of the Fourth Coalition.
1821 - Badi VII, king of Sennar, surrenders his throne and realm to Ismail Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, ending the existence of that Sudanese kingdom.
1822 - Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society entitled "Note on the application of machinery to the computation of astronomical and mathematical tables".
1839 - Henley Royal Regatta: the village of Henley, on the River Thames in Oxfordshire, stages its first Regatta.
1846 - Bear Flag Revolt begins - Anglo settlers in Sonoma, California, start a rebellion against Mexico and proclaim the California Republic.
1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Second Winchester - a Union garrison is defeated by the Army of Northern Virginia in the Shenandoah Valley town of Winchester, Virginia.
1872 - Trade unions are legalised in Canada.
1900 - The Reichstag approves a second law that allows the expansion of the German navy.
1900 - Hawaii becomes a United States territory.
1907 - Norway adopts female suffrage.
1908 - Fourth German Navy Bill is passed authorising the financing the building of another four major warships.
1919 - John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown depart St. John's, Newfoundland on the first nonstop transatlantic flight.
1926 - Brazil leaves the League of Nations
1934 - James J. Braddock scores one of the most upsetting victories in of his boxing career by beating John "Corn" Griffin - roughly marking the advent of his comeback to success and eventually winning World Heavyweight championship.
1937 - Pennsylvania becomes the first (and only) state of the United States to celebrate Flag Day officially as a state holiday.
1937 - U. S. House of Representatives passes the 1937 Marihuana Tax Act.
1938 - Action Comics issue one was released, introducing Superman.
1940 - A group of 728 Polish political prisoners from Tarnów become the first residents of the Auschwitz concentration camp.
1940 - World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs into law the Naval Expansion Act which aims to increase the United States Navy's tonnage by 11%.
1940 - World War II: Paris falls under German occupation, and Allied forces retreat.
1941 - Soviet mass deportations and murder of Estonians, Lithuanians and Latvians, the June deportation, begin.
1942 - Anne Frank begins to keep a diary.
1951 - UNIVAC I is dedicated by U.S. Census Bureau.
1952 - The keel is laid for the nuclear submarine USS Nautilus.
1954 - U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill into law that places the words "under God" into the United States' Pledge of Allegiance.
1955 - Chile becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
1959 - A group of Dominican exiles with leftist tendencies that departed from Cuba land in the Dominican Republic with the intent of deposing Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina. Save for four of them, all were killed and/or executed by Trujillo's army. This feat w
1962 - Albert DeSalvo, better known as the Boston Strangler, murders Anna Slesers, his first victim.
1962 - The European Space Research Organisation is established in Paris - later becoming the European Space Agency.
1962 - The New Mexico Supreme Court in the case of Montoya v. Bolack, 70 N.M. 196, prohibits state and local governments from denying Indians the right to vote because they live on a reservation.
1966 - The Vatican announces the abolition of the index librorum prohibitum (index of prohibited books), which was originally instituted in 1557.
1967 - Mariner program: Mariner 5 is launched toward Venus.
1976 - The trial begins at Oxford Crown Court of Donald Neilson, the killer known as the Black Panther.
1982 - The Falklands War ends: Argentine forces in the capital Stanley unconditionally surrender to British forces.
1985 - TWA Flight 847 is hijacked by Hezbollah shortly after take-off from Athens, Greece.
2001 - China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan form the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation.

Tuesday, June 12, 2012

Historical Events on 13 Jun

Historical Events on 13 Jun

1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for priests and nuns.
1625 - King Charles I marries French princess Henrietta Maria de Bourbon
1774 - Rhode Island becomes the first of Britain's North American colonies to ban the importation of slaves.
1777 - American Revolutionary War: Marquis de Lafayette lands near Charleston, South Carolina, in order to help the Continental Congress to train its army.
1798 - Mission San Luis Rey de Francia is founded.
1805 - Lewis and Clark Expedition: scouting ahead of the expedition, Meriwether Lewis and four companions sight the Great Falls of the Missouri River.
1871 - In Labrador, a hurricane kills 300 people.
1881 - The USS Jeannette is crushed in an Arctic Ocean ice pack.
1886 - A fire devastates much of Vancouver, British Columbia.
1886 - King Ludwig II of Bavaria is found dead in Lake Starnberg south of Munich at 11:30 PM.
1893 - Grover Cleveland undergoes secret, successful surgery to remove a large, cancerous portion of his jaw; operation not revealed to US public until 1917, nine years after the president's death.
1898 - Yukon Territory is formed, with Dawson chosen as its capital.
1917 - World War I: the deadliest German air raid on London during World War I is carried out by Gotha G bombers and results in 162 deaths, including 46 children, and 432 injuries.
1927 - Aviator Charles Lindbergh receives a ticker-tape parade down 5th Avenue in New York City.
1934 - Adolf Hitler and Mussolini meet in Venice, Italy; Mussolini later describes the German dictator as "a silly little monkey".
1935 - In one of the biggest upsets in championship boxing, the 10 to 1 underdog James J. Braddock defeats Max Baer in Long Island City, New York, and becomes the heavyweight champion of the world.
1942 - The United States opens its Office of War Information.
1944 - World War II: Germany launches a counter attack on Carentan.
1944 - World War II: Germany launches a V1 Flying Bomb attack on England. Only four of the eleven bombs actually hit their targets.
1952 - Catalina affair: a Swedish Douglas DC-3 is shot down by a Soviet MiG-15 fighter.
1953 - Hungarian Prime Minister Mátyás Rákosi is replaced by Imre Nagy
1955 - Mir Mine, the first diamond mine in the USSR, is discovered.
1956 - Real Madrid wins the inaugural European Champion Clubs' Cup final, defeating Stade de Reims 4-3 at the Parc des Princes, Paris.
1966 - The United States Supreme Court rules in Miranda v. Arizona that the police must inform suspects of their rights before questioning them.
1967 - U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson nominates Solicitor-General Thurgood Marshall to become the first black justice on the U.S. Supreme Court.
1970 - "The Long and Winding Road" becomes the Beatles' last Number 1 song.
1971 - Vietnam War: The New York Times begins publication of the Pentagon Papers.
1977 - Convicted Martin Luther King Jr. assassin James Earl Ray is recaptured after escaping from prison three days before.
1978 - Israeli Defense Forces withdraw from Lebanon.
1981 - At the Trooping the Colour ceremony in London, a teenager, Marcus Sarjeant, fires six blank shots at Queen Elizabeth II.
1982 - Fahd becomes King of Saudi Arabia upon the death of his brother, Khalid.
1983 - Pioneer 10 becomes the first man-made object to leave the solar system.
1994 - A jury in Anchorage, Alaska, blames recklessness by Exxon and Captain Joseph Hazelwood for the Exxon Valdez disaster, allowing victims of the oil spill to seek $15 billion in damages.
1995 - French president Jacques Chirac announces the resumption of nuclear tests in French Polynesia.
1996 - The Montana Freemen surrender after an 81-day standoff with FBI agents.
1997 - A jury sentences Timothy McVeigh to the death for his part in the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing.
1997 - American fugitive Ira Einhorn is arrested in France for the murder of Holly Maddux after 16 years on the run, though he would not return for another four years.
2000 - President Kim Dae Jung of South Korea meets Kim Jong-il, leader of North Korea, for the beginning of the first ever inter-Korea summit, in the northern capital of Pyongyang.
2000 - Italy pardons Mehmet Ali Agca, the Turkish gunman who tried to kill Pope John Paul II in 1981.
2002 - The United States of America withdraws from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.
2005 - A jury in Santa Maria, California acquits pop singer Michael Jackson of molesting 13-year-old Gavin Arvizo at his Neverland Ranch.
2007 - The Al Askari Mosque is bombed again.

Monday, June 11, 2012

Historical Events on 12 Jun

Historical Events on 12 Jun

1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.
1418 - An insurrection delivers Paris to the Burgundians.
1429 - Hundred Years' War: Joan of Arc leads the French army in their capture of the city and the English commander, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk in the second day of the Battle of Jargeau.
1560 - Battle of Okehazama: Oda Nobunaga defeats Imagawa Yoshimoto.
1653 - First Anglo-Dutch War: the Battle of the Gabbard begins and lasts until June 13.
1665 - England installs a municipal government in New York City (the former Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam).
1758 - French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg - James Wolfe's attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia commences.
1775 - American Revolution: British general Thomas Gage declares martial law in Massachusetts. The British offer a pardon to all colonists who lay down their arms. There would be only two exceptions to the amnesty: Samuel Adams and John Hancock, if captured, wer
1830 - Beginning of the French colonization of Algeria: 34,000 French soldiers land 27 kilometers west of Algiers, at Sidi Ferruch.
1849 - The gas mask is patented by Lewis Haslett in Louisville, Kentucky, United States.
1860 - The State Bank of the Russian Empire is established.
1864 - American Civil War Overland Campaign: Battle of Cold Harbor - Ulysses S. Grant gives the Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee a victory when he pulls his Union troops from their positions at Cold Harbor, Virginia and moves south.
1889 - 88 are killed in the Armagh rail disaster near Armagh in what is now Northern Ireland.
1896 - J.T. Hearne sets a cricket record for the earliest date of taking 100 first-class wickets in a season.
1898 - Philippine Declaration of Independence: General Emilio Aguinaldo declares the Philippines' independence from Spain.
1899 - New Richmond Tornado: the eighth deadliest tornado in U.S. history kills 117 peoples and injures around 200.
1902 - Australia: women in the four Australian States without female suffrage are given the right to vote in Commonwealth elections under Section 3 of the Commonwealth Franchise Act for a Uniform Federal Franchise. Specifically excluded from enrolling to vote ar
1903 - The Sigma Alpha Iota International Music Fraternity is founded at the University of Michigan School of Music.
1922 - In Windsor Castle, King George V receives the colours of the six Irish regiments that are to be disbanded - the Royal Irish Regiment, the Connaught Rangers, the South Irish Horse, the Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment, the Royal Munster Fusiliers and th
1931 - Charlie Parker equals cricket record for the earliest date to reach 100 wickets in a season. Tich Freeman reaches 100 wickets a day later.
1935 - Chaco War ends: a truce is called between Bolivia and Paraguay who had been fighting since 1932.
1939 - Shooting begins on Paramount Pictures' Dr. Cyclops, the first horror film photographed in three-strip Technicolor.
1940 - World War II: 13,000 British and French troops surrender to Field Marshal Erwin Rommel at Saint-Valery-en-Caux.
1942 - Holocaust: future essayist Anne Frank receives a diary for her thirteenth birthday.
1943 - Holocaust: Germany liquidates the Jewish Ghetto in Berezhany, western Ukraine. 1,180 Jews are led to the city's old Jewish graveyard and shot.
1963 - Civil rights leader Medgar Evers is murdered in front of his home in Jackson, Mississippi by Ku Klux Klan member Byron De La Beckwith.
1964 - Anti-apartheid activist and ANC leader Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison for sabotage in South Africa.
1967 - Venera program: Venera 4 is launched (it will become the first space probe to enter another planet's atmosphere and successfully return data).
1967 - The United States Supreme Court in Loving v. Virginia declares all U.S. state laws which prohibit interracial marriage to be unconstitutional.
1978 - David Berkowitz, the "Son of Sam" killer in New York City, is sentenced to 365 years in prison for six killings.
1979 - Bryan Allen wins the second Kremer prize for a man powered flight across the English Channel in the Gossamer Albatross.
1982 - Over 750,000 people attend a concert in New York's Central Park to support MUSE (or Musicians United for Safe Energy, aka: No Nukes), to see Bruce Springsteen, Jackson Browne, James Taylor and Linda Ronstadt (among others) perform.
1987 - Cold War: U.S. President Ronald Reagan publicly challenges Mikhail Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall at the Brandenburg Gate.
1987 - The Central African Republic's former Emperor Jean-Bédel Bokassa is sentenced to death for crimes he had committed during his 13-year rule.
1988 - The Republic of Ireland beats England 1-0 at Euro88 thanks to a headed goal by Ray Houghton. This is Ireland's first competitive match at a major football tournament.
1990 - Russia Day - the parliament of the Russian Federation formally declares its sovereignty.
1991 - Russians elect Boris Yeltsin as the president of the republic.
1993 - Chief Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola is elected President of Nigeria in record turnout for Nigerian elections.
1994 - Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman are murdered outside her home in Los Angeles, California. O.J. Simpson is later acquitted of the killings, but is held liable in a civil suit.
1996 - In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a panel of federal judges blocks a law against indecency on the internet.
1999 - Kosovo War: Operation Joint Guardian begins - a NATO-led United Nations peacekeeping force KFor enters the province of Kosovo in Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
2000 - Sandro Rosa do Nascimento takes hostages while robbing Bus #174 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; the highly-publicized standoff becomes a media circus and ends with the death of do Nascimento and a hostage.
2004 - A 1.3 kilogram chondrite type meteorite strikes a house in Ellerslie, New Zealand causing serious damage but no injuries.
2008 - Ireland rejects the Lisbon Treaty in a referendum, thus putting into question the reform programme of the European Union.

Sunday, June 10, 2012

Historical Events on 11 Jun

Historical Events on 11 Jun

1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned, according to the calculations of Eratosthenes.
1429 - Hundred Years' War: The start of the Battle of Jargeau.
1509 - The marriage of King Henry VIII of England and Catherine of Aragon takes place.
1594 - Philip II recognized the rights and privileges of the local nobles and chieftains in the Philippines, which paves way to the creation of the Principalía (i.e., elite ruling class of native nobility in Spanish Philippines).
1776 - The Continental Congress appoints Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert R. Livingston to a committee to draft a declaration of independence.
1788 - Russian explorer Gerasim Izmailov reaches Alaska.
1805 - A fire consumes large portions of Detroit in the Michigan Territory.
1825 - The first cornerstone is laid for Fort Hamilton in New York City.
1837 - The Broad Street Riot occurres in Boston, fueled by ethnic tensions between English-Americans and Irish-Americans.
1866 - The Allahabad High Court (then Agra High Court) is established in India.
1892 - The Limelight Department, one of the world's first film studios, is officially established in Melbourne, Australia.
1898 - The Hundred Days' Reform is started by Guangxu Emperor in hope to change social, political and educational institutions in China, however suspended by Empress Dowager Cixi after 104 days. The failed reform though led to the abolishment of Imperial Examina
1898 - Spanish-American War: U.S. war ships start to sail for Cuba.
1901 - New Zealand annexes the Cook Islands.
1907 - George Dennett, aided by Gilbert Jessop, dismisses Northamptonshire for 12 runs, the lowest total in first-class cricket.
1917 - King Alexander assumes the throne of Greece after his father Constantine I abdicated under pressure by allied armies occupying Athens.
1919 - Sir Barton wins the Belmont Stakes, becoming the first horse to win the Triple Crown.
1935 - Inventor Edwin Armstrong gives the first public demonstration of FM broadcasting in the United States, at Alpine, New Jersey.
1936 - International Surrealist Exhibition opens in London, England.
1937 - Great Purge: The Soviet Union executes eight army leaders under Joseph Stalin.
1938 - Second Sino-Japanese War: The Battle of Wuhan starts.
1938 - Second Sino-Japanese War: The Nationalist government creates the 1938 Yellow River flood to halt Japanese forces. 500,000 to 900,000 civilians are killed.
1940 - World War II: First attack of the Italian Air force on the island of Malta.
1940 - World War II: British forces bomb Genoa and Turin in Italy.
1942 - World War II: The United States agrees to send Lend-Lease aid to the Soviet Union.
1955 - Eighty-three are killed and at least 100 are injured after an Austin-Healey and a Mercedes-Benz collide at the 24 Hours of Le Mans.
1962 - Frank Morris, John Anglin and Clarence Anglin become the only prisoners to successfully escape from the prison on Alcatraz Island.
1963 - Buddhist monk Thich Quang Duc burns himself with gasoline in a busy Saigon intersection to protest the lack of religious freedom in South Vietnam.
1963 - American Civil Rights Movement: Alabama Governor George Wallace stands at the door of Foster Auditorium at the University of Alabama in an attempt to block two black students from attending that school.
1964 - World War II veteran Walter Seifert runs amok in an elementary school in Cologne, Germany, killing at least eight children and two teachers and seriously injuring several more with a home-made flamethrower and a lance.
1967 - Mexico becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
1970 - After being appointed on May 15, Anna Mae Hays and Elizabeth P. Hoisington officially receive their ranks as U.S. Army Generals, becoming the first females to do so.
1972 - Eltham Well Hall rail crash, caused by an intoxicated train driver, kills six people and injures 126.
1978 - Altaf Hussain founds the students' political movement All Pakistan Muhajir Students Organisation a.k.a (APMSO) in Karachi University.
1981 - Richter Scale 6.9 magnitude Golbaf earthquake at Iran, killing at least 2,000.
1998 - Compaq Computer pays $9 billion for Digital Equipment Corporation in the largest high-tech acquisition.
2001 - Timothy McVeigh is executed for his role in the Oklahoma City bombing.
2002 - Antonio Meucci is acknowledged as the first inventor of the telephone by the United States Congress.
2004 - Cassini-Huygens makes its closest flyby of Phoebe.
2004 - Ronald Reagan's funeral is held at Washington National Cathedral.
2008 - Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper made an official historic apology to Canada's First Nations in regard to a residential school abuse in which children were isolated from their homes, families and cultures for a century.
631 - Emperor Taizong of Tang, the Emperor of China, sends envoys to the Xueyantuo bearing gold and silk in order to persuade the release of enslaved Chinese prisoners who were captured during the transition from Sui to Tang from the northern frontier; this emb
758 - Abbasid Arabs and Uyghur Turks arrive simultaneously at Chang'an, the Tang Chinese capital, in order to offer tribute to the imperial court. The Arabs and Turks bicker and fight over diplomatic prominence at the gate, in order to present tribute before th

Saturday, June 9, 2012

Historical Events on 10 Jun

Historical Events on 10 Jun

1190 - Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the Sally River while leading an army to Jerusalem.
1539 - Council of Trent: Paul III sends out letters to his bishops, delaying the Council due to war and the difficulty bishops had traveling to Venice.
1619 - Thirty Years' War: Battle of Záblatí, a turning point in the Bohemian Revolt.
1692 - Salem witch trials: Bridget Bishop is hanged at Gallows Hill near Salem, Massachusetts, for "certaine Detestable Arts called Witchcraft & Sorceries".
1719 - Jacobite Rising: Battle of Glen Shiel.
1770 - Captain James Cook runs aground on the Great Barrier Reef.
1786 - A landslide dam on the Dadu River created by an earthquake ten days earlier collapses, killing 100,000 in the Sichuan province of China.
1793 - The Jardin des Plantes museum opens in Paris. A year later, it becomes the first public zoo.
1793 - French Revolution: Following the arrests of Girondin leaders the Jacobins gain control of the Committee of Public Safety installing the revolutionary dictatorship.
1805 - First Barbary War: Yussif Karamanli signs a treaty ending hostilities with the United States.
1829 - The first Boat Race between the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge takes place.
1838 - Myall Creek Massacre in Australia: 28 Aboriginal Australians are murdered.
1854 - The first class of the United States Naval Academy students graduate.
1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Brice's Crossroads - Confederate troops under Nathan Bedford Forrest defeat a much larger Union force led by General Samuel D. Sturgis in Mississippi.
1871 - Sinmiyangyo: Captain McLane Tilton leads 109 Marines in naval attack on Han River forts on Kanghwa Island, Korea.
1886 - Mount Tarawera in New Zealand erupts, killing 153 people and destroying the famous Pink and White Terraces.
1898 - Spanish-American War: U.S. Marines land on the island of Cuba.
1918 - The Austro-Hungarian battleship SMS Szent Istvan sinks after being torpedoed by an Italian MAS motorboat.
1924 - Fascists kidnap and kill Italian socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti in Rome.
1925 - Inaugural service for the United Church of Canada, a union of Presbyterian, Methodist, and Congregationalist churches held in Toronto Arena.
1935 - Dr. Robert Smith takes his last drink, and Alcoholics Anonymous is founded in Akron, Ohio, United States, by him and Bill Wilson.
1940 - World War II: Norway surrenders to German forces.
1940 - World War II: Canada declares war on Italy.
1940 - World War II: German forces, under General Erwin Rommel, reach the English Channel.
1940 - World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt denounces Italy's actions with his "Stab in the Back" speech at the graduation ceremonies of the University of Virginia.
1940 - World War II: Italy declares war on France and the United Kingdom.
1942 - World War II: Nazis burn the Czech village of Lidice in reprisal for the killing of Reinhard Heydrich.
1944 - World War II: 642 men, women and children are killed in the Oradour-sur-Glane Massacre in France.
1944 - World War II: In Distomo, Boeotia Prefecture, Greece 218 men, women and children are massacred by German troops.
1944 - In baseball, 15-year old Joe Nuxhall of the Cincinnati Reds becomes the youngest player ever in a major-league game.
1945 - Australian Imperial Forces land in Brunei Bay to liberate Brunei.
1947 - Saab produces its first automobile.
1965 - Vietnam War: The Battle of Dong Xoai begins.
1967 - Six-Day War ends: Israel and Syria agree to a cease-fire.
1967 - Argentina becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
1973 - John Paul Getty III, grandson of billionaire J. Paul Getty, is kidnapped in Rome, Italy.
1974 - Brandon Ramirez, noted visionary and graphics designer born in TJ, Mexico. Known as the father of Rambo the next generation.
1977 - James Earl Ray escapes from Brushy Mountain State Prison in Petros, Tennessee, but is recaptured on June 13.
1977 - Apple Computer ships its first Apple II personal computer.
1978 - Costa Rica becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
1980 - The African National Congress in South Africa publishes a call to fight from their imprisoned leader Nelson Mandela.
1996 - Peace talks begin in Northern Ireland without Sinn Féin.
1997 - Khmer Rouge leader Pol Pot orders the killing of his defense chief Son Sen and 11 of Sen's family members before Pol Pot flees his northern stronghold.
1999 - Kosovo War: NATO suspends its air strikes after Slobodan Milošević agrees to withdraw Serbian forces from Kosovo.
2001 - Pope John Paul II canonizes Lebanon's first female saint Saint Rafqa
2002 - The first direct electronic communication experiment between the nervous systems of two humans is carried out by Kevin Warwick in the United Kingdom.
2003 - The Spirit Rover is launched, beginning NASA's Mars Exploration Rover mission.
2008 - The Gora Prai airstrike by the United States reportedly kills 11 Pakistani paramilitary troops.